Lecture-9--Prejudice-社会心理学.pptx

Lecture 9- PrejudiceGuo, TieyuanOutlinesThe nature and power of prejudiceSources of PrejudiceSocial sourceMotivational sourceCognitive sourceConsequences of PrejudiceWhat Is the Nature and Power of Prejudice?Defining PrejudicePreconceived negative judgment/attitude of a group and its individual membersSupported by stereotypesBeliefs about the personal attributes of a group of peopleLead to discriminationUnjustified negative behavior toward a group or its membersWhat Is the Nature and Power of Prejudice?Prejudice: Implicit and ExplicitDual attitude systemExplicitConscious ImplicitAutomatic Racial PrejudiceIs racial prejudice disappearing?Overt PrejudiceChanging Racial Attitudes of White Americans from 1958 to 2011Racial PrejudiceSubtle forms of prejudiceLabor market discriminationResearchers sending out identical applications for various jobs. The applications with white names, e.g., Emily, etc., received more callbacks from the employer than those with black names.Patronization Avoiding criticismsOverpraising accomplishmentsRacial PrejudiceAutomatic prejudiceAutomatically associate the prejudiced target with negative traits and objects.Experiments- The more automatic prejudice, the more anger people perceived in ambiguous black faces than white faces.Racial PrejudiceAutomatic prejudice can have life or death consequences.Quickly press buttons to “shoot” or “not shoot” men who suddenly appearing on screen holding either a gun or a harmless object. Results- The harmless targets were more likely to be shot by mistake when they were blacks than when they were whites.Gender PrejudiceAttitudes toward women have changed rapidly. Gender discrimination, especially overt discrimination is disappearing.Most believe that men and women are different yet equal, and see women as understanding, kind, and helpfulGender PrejudiceSubtle prejudice still existPrenatally violence against womenAround the world, people prefer having baby boys over baby girls.Americans prefer to have baby