02 翻译的主要方法演示教学.ppt

翻译的主要方法;1. 词的处理;实例分析;Guests receive dinner upon arrival at the hotel. 客人一到旅馆即可就餐。 What can they be doing? 他们究竟在干些什么呢？ Beggars can’t be choosers. 要饭吃就别嫌馊。 City analysts forecast pre-tax profits of ￡40 billion this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测，今年税前利润为400亿英镑。;1. 选词：以last为例;He is the last man to consult. 根本不能找他商量。 This is the last place where I expected to meet you. 我做梦也没想到会在这个地方见到你。;选词：引伸义;选词：褒贬义;2. 增词;3. 减词（省略）;4. 转类;5. 重复;重复：强调;重复：重迭;6. 正反、反正;Such a chance was denied me. 我没有得到这个机会。 We may safely say so. 我们这样说万无一失。 The explanation is pretty thin. 这个解释是相当站不住脚的。 Instead of going to Shanghai, I went to London. 我没去上海，倒是去了伦敦。;This failure was the making of him. 这次不成功是他成功的基础。 When Philip missed the last bus, he was at a loss to know what to do. 菲利普错过了最后一班车，茫然不知所措。;7. 归化和异化;你信也罢，不信也罢，考试那天他可是出足了风头。他靠一知半解的临时抱佛脚居然考及格了，还收到了表扬。好多人比他强一千倍，反而没及格。;红楼梦中人： The Story of the Stone, tr. David Hawkes, is an example of domestication. A Dream of Red Mansions, tr. Yang Hsien-yi (杨宪益) and Gladys Yang (戴乃迭), is one of foreignization.;我对这个消息半信半疑。 I took the news with a grain of salt. 他每天要处理许多棘手的问题。 He has many hot potatoes to handle every day.;妻子骂骂咧咧地闯了进来，这个得了“气管炎”的男人一下子手足无措。 This hen-pecked man became on tenterhooks when his wife scolded her way into the room.;Aging and a prey to poverty and ill health, he began to look like a man with one foot in the grave.;谨慎“滥用语”(clichés);;许多我们认为很生动的英语习语实际上已经成了滥用语，如all of a sudden, anything goes, strictly speaking, there’s no smoke without fire, don’t count your chickens, dead as a doornail, quick as a flash, avoid like the plague, the name of the game, the bottom line, in this day and age, the calm before the storm等。;哪些英语习语是滥用语，哪些不是，作为外国人我???很难甄别。从古典小说里学来的“好词儿”往往已经过时，而滥用语我们用起来，要么引人发笑，要么外国人根本听不懂。因此，对于习语要慎用，除非你听到别人说起过。 或者是查阅一本dictionary of clichés，以便确认。;8. 直译和意译;“这是布什总统的命令。” “我不在意它来自灌木、树，还是草。” “这是布什总统的命令。” “我才不在乎它来自布什、树木，还是草呢。” “这是布什总统的命令。” “管它什么布什、布头，还是布片呢，与我无关。”;9. 误译（望文生义）;She sighed for her mother. 她为她母亲叹了一口气。 Her mother died of difficult labor. 她母亲劳累而死。 I won’