母猪的营养教学文稿.pptx

母猪的营养董冰What do we care about sows?ReproductionPigletsNumbers when born and weaningBirth weightWeaning weightNon-reproductive daysWhat do we care about sows?Current challengingBreeding selectionIncreased total number of piglets born per litterIncreased litter sizeDecreased individual body weightsLimited farm roomAll caused piglet deathManagement of the Sow母猪的饲养Behavior ActivityTransition PeriodGestation妊娠期Gestation Feeding怀孕母猪的饲喂 Do NOT create fat sows!! 不要把母猪饲喂过肥Problems with overfeeding gestating sows: 给怀孕母猪过饲会有很多问题Unnecessary expense $$$$不必要的多花钱Impaired mammary development 乳房的发育受阻Reduced feed intake in lactation 降低哺乳期采食量All phases of the reproductive cycle are related and therefore the feeding program in one phase will have significant effects on performance in another phase and these effects may not be seen for several parities.繁殖周期的所有各个阶段都是相互联系的，因而每一个阶段的饲养方法都会对另一个阶段的性能产生显著影响，而这些影响可能在几个胎次中都看不出来。Feeding Sows 母猪的饲喂The feeding levels and nutrient requirements of sows should be determined by:确定母猪饲喂水平和营养需要的根据是：In Gestation: sow weight target gain妊娠期：母猪体重和目标增重In Lactation: sow weight milk yield泌乳期：母猪体重和泌乳量The more data available, the better the estimate of the sows’ energy and nutrient requirements.数据越全面，母猪能量和营养需要量就确定得越准确Breeding weight (kg)配种时体重(千克) Breeding Backfat P2 (mm) 配种时P2背膘厚(毫米)1011-1213-1415-1617-18Light 轻115-1502.42.32.22.11.9Medium 中150-1752.52.42.32.22.1Heavy 重175-2002.72.62.52.42.3V. Heavy 很重200-225 2.92.82.72.62.4Feed requirements for gestating sows (d 0 - d 100)妊娠母猪饲料需要量(0 - 100天)Diet contains 13.5% protein, 0.55% lysine 3 Mcal ME/kg日粮含蛋白质13。5%；赖氨酸0.55；代谢能3兆卡/千克Pattern of Feeding During Early Gestation妊娠早期的饲喂方式Primiparous Sows 头胎母猪High levels of feeding (2.5 kg/day) will reduce progesterone levels and increase embryo mortality. 高水平饲喂(每天2.5千克)会降低孕酮的水平从而增高胚胎的死亡率。Multiparous Sows 经产母猪Feed according to body condition.按体况进行饲喂不同的饲喂方式很重要Postweaning母猪配种后0-12天降低配种后0-12天饲喂量能减少胚胎的死亡率 除非母猪特别瘦配种后12-45天应依据体况而饲喂不会对胚胎造成伤害提高分娩潜能怀孕