科学研究方法与论文写作10.ppt

Scientific Methodology Scientific Paper Writing科学研究方法与论文写作 The Department of Ecology Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University Bao-Rong Lu Materials Methods Materials: what were used Field materials Experimental (Lab) materials Methods: How you did How to write RESULTS ? Results Your results determine every other aspect of your paper: They are the ‘driver’ The “Results” section is the core of the paper The results are data from your experiment(s) Everything of the paper depends on results They should be presented with care meaningful A results-to-paper outline Experiences suggest that a productive way to begin preparing a paper is to focus first on results Identify a ‘package’ of results that tell a single ‘story’ support a clear ‘take-home message’ (THM) Then answer the 4 questions on the next slide, for the package of results Your results What do my results ‘say’? What do they mean? (what is the significance of the results?) Who needs to know this? (specific audience for the paper) Why do they need to know? (what contribution do these results make to the field?) Results as the key driver Strategic approaches to preparing results Refining the tables figures Deciding on the ‘take-home messages’ Writing subheadings, figure legends, paragraphs sentences for maximum effect Drafting a title to reflect the key message Deciding on the ‘take-homemessages’ Once refined the data Decide on an optimal grouping order for them, to highlight the appropriate number of ‘take-home messages’ Think: evidence for the points to be presented in the Conclusions And: meeting the Objectives given in the Introduction Answering the question: What do my results say? How to present the results Way of presentation: The results are summarized data from the experiments presented by text, tables, figures, graphs, photos The content of the results Two ingredients: Given an overall statment of the experiment, providing “big picture” without repeating the experimental details Present t