博士生课程细胞因子 课件.ppt

8-30KD CK-CKRs;Just as hormones serve as messenger of the endocrine system, so cytokine sever as messengers of the immune system. Unlike endocrine hormones , though, which exert their effects over large distances, cytokines general act locally.;Cytokines can exert different actions;Properties of cytokines;Biological effects of the cytokines;Cytokines during hematopoiesis;interleukin, IL （白细胞介素） colony stimulating factor,CSF（集落刺激因子） interferon,IFN（干扰素） tumor necrosis factor,TNF （肿瘤坏死因子） Chemokine, CK （趋化因子） growth factor,GF （生长因子）;;Cytokines of innate immune system; Interleukin Interleukins are secreted by some leukocytes and act upon other leukocytes, IL-1~IL-35 have been identified.; Interleukin-1, IL-1;The release of TNF-a by macrophages induces local protective effects, but TNF-a can have damaging effects when released systemically (septic shock).; ;;IL-12 produced by macrophages and dendritic cells is a key cytokine to fight intracellular microbes (bacteria and viruses) IL-12 induces IFN-γ, an activator of macrophages (killing of phagocytosed microbes) and Th1 cell differentiation IL-12 also increases cytotoxic activity of CD8 and NK cells;The cytokines that resist viral infection, and interfere viral replication, including IFN?, IFN?, IFNε, IFNω, IFNκ ( type I ); IFN? ( type II );;Integrative signaling of cytokines during innate immune responses;Cytokines of adaptive immune system;;;IL-4 induces Isotype switching against extracellular pathogens, such as helminths and athropodes;Pleiotropic activities of IFN-γ;Anti-inflammatory cytokines;Additional key cytokines;;是一类可介导不同类型细胞生长和分化的细胞因子。 根据其功能和作用的靶细胞不同，分别命名为： 表皮生长因子（epidermal growth factor, EGF) 血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF) 成纤维细胞生长因子（fibroblast growth factor, FGF) 神经生长因子(nerve growth factor, NGF) 血小板衍生的生长因子（platelet derived growth factor, PDGF) 肝细胞生长因子（hepatic growth factor, HGF);VEGF Receptor Signaling;TH1 and TH2 subsets secrete different cytokines;TH1 and TH2 subsets regulate