离心场中边坡降雨模拟系统的研制与应用.PDF

32 卷 6 期 岩 土 工 程 学 报 Vol.32 No.6 2010 年 .6 月 Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering June 2010 离心场中边坡降雨模拟系统的研制与应用 钱纪芸，张 嘎，张建民 (清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室，北京 100084) 摘 要：为了利用离心模型试验研究降雨条件下边坡的变形和破坏特性，研制了一套离心场降雨模拟系统。该系统包 括 3 个子系统：供水加压系统、降雨器、模型箱及防风结构。该系统可通过控制施加压力来调节降雨强度，并能克服 离心场中科 力及高风速对降雨的影响。有效性验证试验结果表明，该降雨系统在模型箱长度和宽度方向均能实现比 较均匀的降雨。采用该系统进行了黏性土坡降雨的离心模型试验，结果表明降雨及其入渗过程对边坡的变形有显著影 响。 关键词：降雨；边坡；离心模型试验；设备 中图分类号：TU4 11.93 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000 –4548(2010)06 –0838 –05 作者简介：钱纪芸(1985 – )，女，江苏南通人，硕士研究生，从事岩土工程的研究。E-mail: qianji yun@ 。 Development of rainfall simulation system for centrifugal model tests QIAN Ji-yun，ZHANG Ga ，ZHANG Jian-min (State Key Lab of Hydrosciences and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China) Abstract: A rainfall simulation system in centrifuge is developed to investigate the deformation and failure process of slopes due to rainfall. The system consists of three subsystems: water supply and air pressurizing system, rainfall generator and specialized model container with windproof structure. The system can eliminate influences of the Coriolis force and the high-speed wind on the rainfall. The intensity of rainfall can be adjusted by controlling the air pressure. The validation tests are conducted, and the results show that a uniform rainfall over the whole slope can be yielded by the simulation system. Centrifugal model tests on a cohesive soil slope under rainfall are conducted by use of the rainfall simulation system. The water infiltration in soil during the rainfall is observed to have a significant influence on the deformation and the failure of the slope. Key wo