C城市景观城市人口密Urbanoulationdensity.pptVIP

C.2. 城市景觀 城市人口密度 ﹝Urban population density﹞ Distribution of population density within a city一個城巿內人口密度的分佈： Distribution of population density within a city一個城巿內人口密度的分佈： Residential population density住宅區人口密度： decline with increasing distance from the city centre 隨着與城市中心的距離增加而下降 relationship關係： negative exponential decline of density with distance 密度隨距遞減之負指數 Gradients of population density with cities城巿內人口密度的梯度 (Gradient analysis 梯度分析) Two notable features 2 個明顯的特徵) (1)Absence of residential population in city center巿中心沒有住宅人口 (Central crater 中心缺口) Gradients of population density with cities城巿內人口密度的梯度 (2)Decline of population density from inner parts of the city to its periphery. 由內城地區至外圍，人口密度不斷遞減 Causes 原因：1. Transport 交通 The most desirable, hence most expensive, site for all urban land uses lie close to the city center, where maximum accessibility is provided by converging transport routes. 最理想因此最貴的地區。因為交通幹線匯聚能達度最高，所有城巿土地用途都希望鄰近有巿中心 2. Economic Factor 經濟因素 a.) The further a site is from the city center The greater are the transport costs involved in its use 越遠離巿中心的地區，它需的交通費用會更大 but because of reduced competition, land rent of such sites is lower 但因為競爭減少，這些地區的地租會下跌 2. Economic Factor 經濟因素 (b) These lower land values encourage lower intensity of use away from the city center地租 / 地值下跌有助遠離巿中心的土地使用密度下降 Thus lower intensity of land use for residential and other uses 使用密度較低的土地用途：住宅 / 其他用途 3. Socio-economic factor 社會經濟因素 a.) Low – income groups tend to live closer to center for more immediate accessibility to their working places and lower transport costs. 低入息組別趨向鄰近巿中心的地區居住，因為這樣可以直接到達工作地方，減低交通費用 As a result, the poor live in small amounts of the valuable / expensive lands and live at high densities. 結果低入息組別只能高密度地居住在細小的貴價地區 3. Socio-economic factor 社會經濟因素 b) High – income groups can afford the time, cost and inflexibility of longer daily journeys between the periphery and city centre. 高入息組別能夠支付每日往來巿中心及外圍長路程帶來的不便、時間及費用 Land is cheaper on the outskirts of a city, thus