静电聚结-旋流组合型立式原油脱水设备设计精品.pdf

静电聚结-旋流组合型立式原油脱水设备设计 摘 要 油水分离问题既是一个困扰着石油石化行业的生产性问题，同时也是该行业环 保从业人员经常面临的难题。自 20 世纪 90 年代末期以来，一些西方发达国家纷纷 针对静电聚结技术进行了一系列的理论与实验研究，目前正对相应的静电聚结型油 水分离设备进行进一步的研制开发或现场推广应用，包括美国 NATCO 集团、法国 石油研究院(IFP)等单位在内的研究人员都认为，将离心力场与静电场相结合进行油 水分离应该能够成为一种新型高效的油水分离技术，而国内石油石化行业迄今在这 方面尚未开展实质性的研究工作。 本文在查阅大量英文文献的基础上，全面地了解了静电聚结和旋流分离技术的 相关内容。同时论述了原油电脱水的机理、脱水器结构以及脱水过程，并对电脱水 器的发展趋势进行了研究。根据法国石油研究院的专利产品，设计了一种立式电脱 水装置，对其各组成部分进行了具体的结构设计。本设计可用于原油电脱水的实验， 也可作为大型原油电脱水设备设计的参考。 关键词：油水分离，乳化液，静电聚结，旋流分离，结构设计 - I - 静电聚结-旋流组合型立式原油脱水设备设计 Abstract Oil/water separation is not only a productive problem puzzling petroleum and petrochemical industries, but also a difficulty with which environmentalists have to be confronted. Since 1990s, some western developed countries have carried out series of theoretical and experimental researches on the electrostatic coalescence technology. Nowadays, they are proceeding with further development and application of electrostatic oil/water separators. Many researchers, including those in NATCO GROUP, IFP etc., think that the combination of centrifugal force with electrostatic field should be a new efficient oil/water separation technology. On the contrary, up to now, any essential research work has not been carried out by domestic petroleum and petrochemical industries. Based on reading a lot of English literature, the Electrostatic Coalescence and Centrifugal Separation were referred on the whole scale. At the same time, the principle of dewatering on crude oil, the structure of dehydrator and the process of dewatering were included, besides the research