雷达手册第3版(英文)_CH23_Bistatic_Radar.pdf

Source: RADAR HANDBOOK Chapter 23 Bistatic Radar Nicholas J. Willis Technology Service Corporation (retired) 23.1 CONCEPT AND DEFINITIONS A bistatic radar uses antennas at separate sites for transmission and reception. The transmitter and receiver can be, and usually are, located at those sites to minimize transmission line losses. In nearly all cases of bistatic operation, antenna separation is selected to achieve some operational, technical, or cost benefit, and is usually a 1 significant fraction of the target range. Bistatic radars have been designed, devel- oped, tested, and in some cases, deployed for military, commercial, and scientific applications. Typical military applications include air and space surveillance and range instrumentation. Commercial applications include wind field measurements and traf- fic surveillance. Scientific applications include measurement of planetary surfaces and atmospheres and study of ionospheric turbulence. Examples are given in Section 23.4. While these examples are both credible and useful, they are niche applications when compared to the ubiquitous capabilities of monostatic radars, which remain the prin- cipal method for radio detection and ranging. Bistatic radars can operate with dedicated transmitters, which are designed for bistatic operation and controlled by the bistatic radar, or with transmitters-of- opportunity, which are designed for other purposes but found suitable for bistatic oper- ation even when not controlled by the bistatic radar. When the transmitter of oppor- tunity is from a monostatic radar, the bistatic radar is often called a hitchhiker. When the transmitt