大学英语B八种时态复习.ppt

* Grammar Tenses 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在完成时 过去将来时 过去完成时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成进行时 一般过去时与现在完成时用法区别 固定句式中的动词时态 一般现在时 （1）表示经常发生的动作、存在的状态或现阶段的习惯。 常用的状语有：often , sometimes , usually , every day 等。 Class begins at 8 o’clock every morning . (2)表示不受时间限制的事实或普遍真理。 Light travels faster than sound . (3) 客观存在的事实或普遍真理在宾语从句中。 The children were told in the physics class that the moon moves round the sun . (4)在含时间和条件状语从句的复合句中。 The moment he arrives, I’ll tell him about it . (5) 表示已安排或计划好将来会发生的动作或存在的状态。 His plane leaves at 10:00. (6)表示主语的某种属性特征的动词。这类动词常有一个修饰语。 Your speech reads well. This book doesn’t sell well. The knife cuts well. 返回 一般过去时 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now? 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 3）情态动词 could, would，用过去时表示现在，表示语气委婉礼貌。 Could you lend me your bike? 4）用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。 If he were here now, we could turn to him for help. ◎ It is time sb. did sth. “时间已迟了；早该……了”， It is time you went to bed. ◎ would (had) rather sb. did sth. Id rather you came tomorrow. 注意：一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。) Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. ( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去) 返回 一般将来时 1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。 will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。 Which paragraph shall I read first？ Will you be at home at seven this evening? 2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。 a. 主语的意图，即将做某事或打算做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds; there is going to be a storm. 3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing. 注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 现在完成时 （1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just，already, before, yet, never, ever等状语连用。 ① I have never heard of that before. ② Have you ever ridden a horse? 2）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻