初二英语上现在完成时M4.doc

初二英语上现在完成时M3 现在完成时用法解析1.构成　现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。2.用法 (1)表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如：　-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. Ive just had it.你(已经)吃午饭了吗？ 我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了)(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。 如：He has taught here since 1981　他自1981年就在这儿教书。(可能还要继续教)I havet seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。3.现在完成时的时间状语 a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和 疑问句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。They havent finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。 b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。 如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾经去过长城吗？-I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。 现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。如：I havent seen him for two years. 但是，像come,arrive,buy等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be(在)”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换 begin(start)→be ondie →be dead come back→be back　leave →be away borrow →keep buy →have arrive/come/go___ be +地点 His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了。　、用since和for填空 1. ______ two years 2._______ two years ago 3. _______ last month 4.______ 1999 5._______ yesterday 7. ______ 4 hours 8._______ an hour ago 9. _______ we were chil 6. _______ 4 o’clock dren 10. _____ lunch time 11.______ she left here 12. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last. 13. I’ve known him __________ we were children. 14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years. 15. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years. 16. It’s about ten years __________ she left the cit　 三、单项选择1. Li Hong has ________ the watch for 2 years.A. bought B buy C. had D. did buy 2. We have been friends since ______.A. children B. five years C. five years ago D. five years before3. Mike ___________ the story for a month.A. has bought B. has had C. had had D. has borrowed4. You ______ that question three times.A. already asked B. have already askedC. already have asked D. asked a