人体解剖学alimentary system 2.ppt

The Alimentary SystemⅡ Yunyang Medical College 余 明 华 The Stomach 胃 Shape Two surface: anterior and posterior Two curvatures Lesser curvature 胃小弯 : near its lower part is angular incisure 角切迹 Greater curvature 胃大弯: long, convex and directed to the left and downward Two openings Cardia 贲门 Pylorus 幽门 Four parts Cardiac part 贲门部 Fundus of stomach 胃底 Body of stomach 胃体 Pyloric part 幽门部 Pyloric antrum 幽门窦 Pyloric canal 幽门管 Position －Mainly parts is situated in the left hypochondriac region, small in the epigastric region; the cardia is situated to the left of T11, the pylorus lies to the right of L1 The Small Intestine小肠 About 5-7m long, Divided into Duodenum Jejunum Ilium Duodenum Four parts Superior part Duodenal cap Descending part Major duodenal papilla Horizontal part Ascending part duodenojejunal flexure 十二指肠空肠曲 Suspensory muscle of duodenum十二指肠悬肌 (ligament of Treitz) Jejunum and ileum Large Intestine Approximately 1.5m long, Five parts: Cecum 盲肠 Vermiform appendix 阑尾 Colon 结肠 Rectum 直肠 Anal canal 肛管 Large Intestine 大肠 Features Colic bands 结肠带 Haustra of colon 结肠袋 Epiploic appendices 肠脂垂 Cecum 盲肠 Blind sac, first part of large intestine, with largest diameter and thinnest wall Lies in right iliac fossa The ilium enters the cecum obliquely, and partially invaginates into it, forming the ileocecal valve－consists of two folds, probably delays flow of ileal contents into large intestine Vermiform appendix 阑尾 Blind worm-like tube Opens into posteromedial aspect of cecum，about 2 cm below ileoceal orifice 　 The base of the appendix lies at the point of convergence of three colic bands (used as a guide to find the appendix during operation) Surface marking of the base is at the so-called McBurney’s point which is at junction of lateral and middle thirds of line joining right anterior superior iliac spine and umbilicus Colon 结肠 Ascending colon right colic flexure Transverse colon left colic flexure Descending colon Sigmoid colon R