人体解剖学joint 2.ppt

Joints of limbs 主 讲 人 季 艳 梅 Ⅰ. Joints of upper limb  Ⅰ) Joints of shoulder girdle 1.Sternoclavicular joint胸锁关节 1)Composition: sternal end of clavicle,clavicular notch of sternum, and the first costal cartilage 2)Feature: Articular capsule: strong An articular disc divides the joint into two cavities. 3)Movements 2.Acromioclavicular joint 肩锁关节 3.Coracoacromial ligament喙肩韧带 Ⅱ)Joints of free upper limb 1.Shoulder joint 肩关节 (ball and socket) 1)Composition: head of humerus and glenoid cavity of scapula 2)Feature:Articular surface Capsule: Thin and lax Attachments Tendon of long head of biceps brachii Glenoid labrum盂唇: Coracohumeral ligament 喙肱韧带 3)Movements: flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, medial and lateral rotation, circumduction 2. Elbow joint 肘关节 1)Composition: lower end of humerus, upper ends of radius and ulna 1.Humeroulnar joint 肱尺关节 2.Humeroradial joint肱桡关节 3.Proximal radioulnar joint桡尺近侧 关节 2)Feature: Capsule: thin and lax anteriorly and posteriorly, strongly thickened on either side by collateral ligaments Ligaments: 1.Radial collacteral ligament桡侧副韧带: 2. Ulnar collacteral ligament尺侧副韧带: 3. Annular ligament of radius桡骨环状韧带: 3)Movements: flexion and extension, pronation and supination 3.Joints between radius and ulnar Proximal radioulnar joint 桡尺近侧关节 Distal radioulnar joint桡尺远侧关节 Interosseous membrane of forearm 前臂骨间膜 2)Intercarpal joints 3)Carpometacarpal joints: ★ Carpometacarpal joint of thumb 拇指腕掌关节 (1)Composition : trapezium and base of the first metacarpal (2)Movement: flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and opposition Ⅱ.Joints of Lower limb Ⅰ) Joints of pelvic girdle 1.Sacroiliac joint 骶髂关节 1)Composition: auricular surface of sacrum and ilium 2)Feature: Capsule: very tight and strengthened by ligaments 2.Vertebropelvic ligaments 1)Iliolumbal ligament髂腰韧带: 2) Sacrotuberous ligament 骶结节韧带 3) Sacrospinous ligament 骶棘韧带 These two ligaments convert