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Learning and Memory
Learning: the process by which experiences
change our nervous system and hence our
behavior, or the process of acquiring
information.
Memory: the changes of the nervous system
resulting from learning, or the persistence of
learning in a state that can be revealed at a
later time.
Learning
(1)Perceptual learning
learning to recognize a particular
stimulus by changes in the sensory
association cortex (visual, auditory
cortex, etc).
Learning effect in visual search tasks: An example
Ellison Walsh, Vision Research, 1998, 38, 333-345
Learning effect on
feature search
Learning effect on
conjunction search
Perceptual learning tasks
Fine, J. Vision, 2002,
190-203
(2) Stimulus-response learning
learn to perform a particular behavior when a particular
stimulus is presented.
Classical conditioning
Unconditional stimulus
Conditional stimulus
Hebb rule:
The celluar basis of learning involves strengthening of a
synapse that is repeatedly active when the postsynaptic
neuron fires.
Learning and synaptic plasticity
在齿状回的长期增强作用
海马
Long-term potentiation:
stimulate the axons with
a burst of approximately
one hundred pulses of
electrical stimulation
within a few seconds.
Learning changes structures of synapses
The Atkinson and Shiffrin modal model of memory (1968).
Memory: the changes of the
nervous system resulting from
learning, or the persistence of
learning in a state that can be
revealed at a later time.
Memory
记忆组织的SPI模型
(serial, parallel, independent )
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
Encoding
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