英国历史与相关文化知识 英文版.ppt

An Introduction to British History and Culture;To give you an overview of English history and culture To enhance English learning through English history and culture To provide cultural and historical context for understanding English literature;English History;British Culture;Course Evaluation;Course email box: bhac09@163.com Secret Code: bhac0909;Chapter 1 Early England ;Great Britain England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland The Union of England and Wales formalised by two Acts of Parliament in 1536 and 1543 The Union of England and Scotland 1707, political unification, Queen Anne ;isolated from Europe by the English Channel and the North Sea once perceived as being on the edge of the world The seas around Britain also acted as barriers against attempted invasions: The Armada, 1588; the French, 1805, Nazi Germany, 1940 ;Generally mild and temperate weather allows farming to flourish across the country North: less fertile land, wetter South: fertile land, drier ;Hunters and gatherers Old Stone Age (Paleolithic), 70,000—8000 BC Middle Stone Age (Mesolithic), 8300—3500 BC New Stone Age (Neolithic), 3500—2500 BC;New Stone Age (Neolithic), 3500—2500 BC Megalithic monuments Stonehenge 史前巨石阵 a monumental circular setting of large standing stones surrounded by an earthwork in South England, in Wiltshire on Salisbury Plain probably was constructed as a place of worship of some kind northeast axis aligned with the sunrise at the summer solstice (夏至);Stonehenge;In Search of History 00:20 — 01:38;The Beaker Folk (Bronze Age, 2500—700 BC) The Celts (Iron Age, 700—100 BC) from north-western Europe, ancestors of the highland Scots, the Irish and Welsh Gaelic 盖尔语 : language of Celtic origin ;Chapter 2 Roman Britain;Roman Invasion (55BC-410AD);What is the meaning of B.C. and A.D.? ;Gaius Julius Caesar (July 13, 100 BC– March 15, 44 BC) a Roman military and political leader played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman