英语翻译同与技巧.ppt

翻译技巧与实践;名词性从句的翻译;一、主语从句 ;（二）用it作形式主语的主语从句，可以把主语从句放到汉语句子最前面去翻译。为了强调起见，it一般可以译出来；如果不需要强调，it也可以不译出来。 　　It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not. 　　他参加不参加会议没有多大关系。（It没有翻译） 　　It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash. 　　驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后，竟然还能活着，这看来是不可想象的。（It翻译为“这”） 　　有时候，如果主语从句仍然按照英语原来的顺序翻译的话，it一般不需要译出来。在汉语译文的开始，一般可以用“...的是，...”这样的结构来翻译。 　　It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings. 　　真奇怪，她竟然没有看出自己的缺点。（It不用翻译，还可以用“奇怪的是...”这样的结构来翻译）;例 1.(How and when human language developed and whether animals such as chimpanzees and gorillas can develop a more elaborate system of communication ) are issues at present being researched, but as yet little understood. 人类的语言是如何发展起来的, 是什么时候形成的, 诸如黑猩猩和大猩猩一类的动物是否会形成一种更加复杂的交流系统, 都是现阶段人们研究的课题, 但对此人们都知之甚少。（主语从句） ;例2.How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. 这些预测能在多大程度上被后来的成绩所证实取决于所使用的信息的量、可靠性和适合程度, 并取决于对信息作出解释的技能和智慧。（主语从句） 例3.It is often said that wide reading is the best alternative course of action but even here it is necessary to make some kinds of selection. 人们常说, 大量阅读是可供选择的最佳方案, 但即使在这一方面, 也需要某些选择。（主语从句） ;　二、宾语从句;（二）用it 作形式宾语的句子，在翻译的时候，that所引导的宾语从句一般可按英语原文顺序翻译；it有时候可以不用翻译。 　　I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o’clock in the morning. 　　我向他们讲清楚了的，他??必须在上午十时前交卷。（it没有翻译） 　　I heard it said that he had gone abroad. 　　听说他已经出国了。（it没有翻译） 　　但有时候，也可以在译文中将that引导的宾语从句提前到句子最前面翻译。 　　I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting. 　　我被选参加会议，感到光荣。（it没有翻译） 　　We consider it absolutely necessary that we should open our door to the outside world. 　　打开国门，实行开放，我们认为这是绝对必要的。（it翻译为“这”）;例3.You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, manage to extract from Nature certain na