翻译技巧之转译.doc

翻译技巧之（转译） 翻译要求：好的译文要求达到“信， 达， 雅”。但在考试中只要求译文忠实原文，表达通顺即可，既要把原文准确无误地表达出来，不可望文生义也不能任意发挥，又要符合汉语的表达习惯，不可以让人不知所云。翻译的过程分为理解与表达两个阶段。 翻译理解出错的原因：1）词汇量不足，对单词或短语的含义及用法理解与掌握不全面。 2）语法知识欠缺，不能正确分析句子成分和结构。 3．表达通顺技巧之一：转译，翻译中最基本的技巧，包括词类转译和句子成分的转译。 1）词类转译有着较强的规律性，多发生在名词，动词，形容词，副词和介词之间。如： We also realized the growing need and necessity to industrialize certain sectors of the economy. 我们也认识到越来越需要使某些经济部门实现工业化 Are you for or against the plan? 你是赞成还是反对这个计划？ President Lincoln proposed to establish a government of the people, by the people, and for the people. 林肯总统主张建立一个民有，民治，民享的政府。 In the late 14th century, Marco Polo famously made his way along trade toutes from Italy to China. 十四世纪后半叶，马可。波罗从意大利沿着贸易通道来到中国，因而一举成名。 Their commander wisely judged to be safer in the field than in their works. 他们的指挥官认为留在工事里不如呆在战场上安全，这是很明智的。 Traditionally, there had always been good relations between them. ___________________________________________________________________________ The operation of a machine needs some knowledge of its performance. ___________________________________________________________________________ They were news-hungry. ____________________________________________________________________________ When he went back, the radio was still on for he had forgotten to turn it off when he left. ____________________________________________________________________________ He went to work without breakfast this morning. ____________________________________________________________________________ Should a party request cancellation of the contract without a valid reason, it should pay for all the economic losses that the other party may suffer. 如果一方无正当理由而提出取消合同，必须赔偿另一方因此遭受的所有经济损失。 [点评] 句中名词cancellation转译为动词“取消”。介词without转译为动词“无” The volume of trade has increased tremendously to the advantage of both countries. 贸易额的巨增给两国均带来了好处。 [点评]动词increase转译为名词“增加”，副词tremendously转译为形容词“巨大的”，介词to转译为动词“带来” It is impossible to live society and be independent of society. 生活于社会，不能脱离社会。 [点评] 形容词independ