快速阅读模拟题.doc

2. Sustainable Tourism and WTO 　　UNEP’s proposals on sustainable tourism 　　Background: A variety of groups and organizations have undertaken work on tourism, on its environmental effects and to a lesser extent on the implications of tourism for sustainable development. Some of these groups have presented guidance for sustainable tourism based on their work. The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) has surveyed those main proposed Principles for Implementation of Sustainable Tourism. These proposed principles were presented at the UNEP HighLevel Committee of Ministers and Officials in November 1998. 　　The UNEP Governing Council, meeting in February 1999, approved a consultation process with major groups to finalize an agreed set of principles. By promoting agreement of a consolidated set of principles, UNEP is seeking to encourage a movement from debate to more widespread action and adoption of sustainable tourism practices. 　　UNEP Survey:Based on the survey of guidelines for sustainable tourism, the elements of sustainable tourism which are most frequently cited include: 　　 putting sustainable development into practice in the development, management and integration of tourism with the wider economy, the environment; 　　 protecting biodiversity, the environment and natural resources; 　　including the participation of all stakeholders, and in particular, local communities in tourism; and ensuring that local communities have an equitable share in benefits resulting from tourism; 　　sitting tourism operations and development appropriately to avoid damage to biodiversity and the environment; 　　operation within the capacities of the environment, and of available infrastructure; 　　using resources efficiently, and preventing pollution and waste. 　　Summary: In summary, sustainable tourism may be defined as tourism that puts the principles of sustainable development, as for example, set out in the Rio Declaration, into practice in all aspects of its operation and develo