基于AVR单片机的炉温监测监控系统设计毕业设计.doc

基于AVR单片机的炉温监测监控系统 设计总说明： 温度是工业对象中主要的被控参数之一，象冶金、机械、食品、化工各类工业中，广泛使用的各种加热炉、热处理炉、反应炉等，对工件的处理温度要求严格控制的总体方案包括监测LCD显示电路、晶振电路，复位电路、报警电路等。本次设计选择AVR单片机型号为ATmega8 ，ATmega8是一款采用低功耗CMOS工艺生产的基于AVR RISC结构的8位单片机。根据单片机的I/O口设计硬件电路，合理分配I/O接口，电路设计简洁、直观，成本低廉，温度测量准确。 第三，系统软件设计。系统的软件是根据系统功能要求来设计的。软件按功能可分为两类，一类是执行软件，它能完成各种实际性的功能，如温度测量、计算、显示、输出控制等；另一类是监控软件，它是专门、用来协调各种执行模块和操作者的关系，充当组织调度角色。 第四，PID控制器的设计。一个控制系统包括控制器、传感器、变送器、执行机构、输入输出接口。控制器的输出经过输出接口、执行机构，加到被控系统上；控制系统的被控量，经过传感器，变送器，通过输入接口送到控制器。在工程实际中，应用最为广泛的调节器控制规律为比例、积分、微分控制，简称PID控制，又称PID调节。PID控制器问世至今已有近70年历史，它以其结构简单、稳定性好、工作可靠、调整方便而成为工业控制的主要技术之一。The Furnace Temperature Monitoring System of AVR SCM General introduction: Temperature is one of the main controlled parameters in industrial objects. All kinds of heating furnace, heat treatment furnace and radiators are widely used in the industry likes metallurgy, machinery, food and chemical industry, etc. It’s strictly controlled in the requirements of processing temperature. As the development of electronic technology and computer technology, computer measurement as well as the control technology obtains a rapid development and widespread application. Morever, the means of temperature control gets more and more superior. SCM gets a wide range of applications for the advantages of strong handling ability, fast running speed, low power consumption. Apart from this, the simple and convenient controlling, range measuring and high accuracy in temperature measurement and control makes it more and more popular. Using AVR SCM as the core, the article designs a furnace temperature monitoring system. It chooses DS18B20 as the temperature sensor to monitor the low temperature resistance furnace temperature. Based on the mix control of communication trigger and grain brake canal trigger circuit, it achieves the purpose of fast and accurate temperature adjustment. The article designs a hardware principle diagram to illustrate the working principle of all parts of the hardware and each branch of the components