基于单片机的太阳光线跟踪系统的方案设计设计.doc

2014届毕业生 毕业设计说明书 题 目: 摘 要 我们都知道社会的发展科技的进步都离不开能源的消耗利用，没有了能源我们是享受不到科技带来的便利。然而一个严峻的事实摆在人们面前，现在使用的能源无论是煤、石油还是天然气等都是有限的不可再生能源，如若有一天这些能源消耗殆尽该怎么办？为了可持续发展现的需要，风能、水能以及太阳能等可再生能源受到了人们更高的重视。伴随着半导体技术的发展光伏发电技术也越来越成熟，他的发展空间也越来越大。本文主要探讨了对太阳光线进行跟踪的方法及原理，数据采集接收和驱动控制设备的硬软件设计。 本设计是一个双轴实时太阳跟踪系统其核心是光线检测器、单片机和电机驱动电路。光线检测就是通过光敏电阻检测出太阳光线的强度，并把结果传输给单片机；单片机的功能就是接收光线检测器传回的各点光强判断出光线的方向并控制电机转动；电机驱动就是接收单片机传来的指令，根据指令转动电机。经过一系列动作之后可以让太阳能电池板等设备保持跟太阳光线垂直使设备能接收到尽量多的光线从而提高设备利用率。此设计的优点就是能够实时跟踪太阳光同时限于本人知识限制还存在缺陷，如：阴天等恶劣天气情况下如何跟踪。 关键词Title Sun Ray-tracing system based on single-chip design Abstract We all know that social progress and technological development are inseparable from the consumption of energy use , without energy we do not enjoy the convenience brought by technology . However, a harsh truth before the people , energy , etc. are now using either coal, oil or natural gas are finite non-renewable energy sources, such as if one day these energy depletion how to do ? In order to present the need for sustainable development , wind, hydro and solar and other renewable energy by the people higher priority . With the development of semiconductor technology photovoltaic technology is more mature , and his development is also growing. This paper discusses the methods and principles of the suns rays to track , data acquisition equipment to receive and drive control hardware and software design . This design is a real-time dual-axis solar tracking system is the core of the light detector , microcontroller and motor drive circuits. Light is detected by detecting the intensity of light sensitive resistor suns rays , and the results transmitted to the microcontroller ; each point MCU function is to receive the returned light detector to determine the direction of the light intensity and control of motor rotation ; motor drive is receiving microcontroller instruction came under the instruction rotational motor. After a series of actions can make solar panels and other equipment t