基于单片机的自动往返行驶小汽车的设计毕业设计.doc

摘 要 随着科学技术的发展，人们对于各种工具的要求越来越高，自动化越高就越受欢迎，对于交通工具的要求也是这样，人们希望汽车可以根据主人的想法，自动开往目的地，而不需要人的操作。虽然科学家正在研制这种汽车，但在近几年还不能普及，所以人们想见正真的全自动汽车还不可能，但我们完全可以用单片机做为控制核心来制作一辆全自动的小车模型。 本设计的控制系统采用AT89C52单片机；显示系统采用3个LED数码管显示里程数，4个LED数码管显示一次往返的时间；电机正反转采用桥式驱动控制，2档电压调速；里程记录采用霍尔传感器；跑道标志线采用光敏管检测并使用软件整形消抖措施；单片机、电机采用独立稳压电源供电。 自动往返小汽车是指小车能够在跑道上自动往返行驶，无须人的操作。小车从起跑线出发后自动行驶到终点，并能在终点停车一段时间，然后返回起点。同时小车可以在要求区域内自动加速和减速等功能。最后，小车还具有实时里程显示功能，可以通过数码管将里程显示出来。 单片机的产生使得我们的电子世界变得丰富多彩，原本无法实现的设计和想法而逐渐变为现实。本设计也是以单片机作为整个系统的控制核心，主要由电机驱动电路，黑线检测电路和显示模块组成。本小车模型的设计可以提高我们对单片机的理解和掌握，将理论知识应用与实践，是非常有意义的。 关键字：AT89C52单片机 自动往返小汽车 Abstract With the development of science and technology, there is growing demand for all kinds of tools, automation becomes more popular, the same is true for transport requirements, people hope that the automobile can according to master idea, automatically to the destination, without human operation. Although scientists are developing the car, but in recent years is not popular, so people want to see is true full automatic car is not possible, but we can use single chip microcomputer as control core to make a full automatic car model. The designed control system using AT89C52 microcontroller; display system using 3 LED digital tube display mileage, 4 LED digital tube display time a round trip; motor adopts bridge drive control, 2 speed voltage control; mileage recorded by Holzer sensor; track mark line using photosensitive tube detection and using software shaping. Shake measure; microcontroller, motor adopts independent regulated power supply. Automatic round-trip car is a car capable of automatically driving back and forth on the runway, without human operation. The car on the starting line after the automatic running to the end, and can stop for a period of time in the end, and then return to the starting point. At the same time the car can require regional automatic acceleration and deceleration function. Finally, the car also has real-time mileage display function, can be displayed t