英语口语技巧-做一个好的演讲者.doc

Chapter 1 To Be a Great Speech Maker The Essentials of a Speech Objective Before you start to prepare a speech, you should ask yourself: “why am I making this speech?” Do you need to inform, to persuade, to train or to sell? Your objective should be clear in your mind. If it is not clear in your mind, in cannot possibly be clear to your audience. Audience “Who am I making this speech to? “ Sometimes this will be obvious, but not always. You should try to inform yourself. How many people? Who are they? Business people? Professional people? Political people? Experts or non-experts? Will it be a small, intimate group of 4 colleagues or a large gathering of 400 competitors? How much do they know already and what will they expect from you? Venue “Where am I making this speech?” In a small hotel meeting-room or a large conference hall? What facilities and equipment are available? What are the seating arrangements? Time and Length “When am I making this speech and how long will it be?” Will it be 5 minutes or an hour? Just before lunch, when your audience will be hungry, or just after lunch, when your audience will be sleepy? Method “How should I make this speech?” What approach should you use? Formal or informal? Lots of visual aids or only a few? Will you include some anecdotes and humour for variety? Content “What should I say?” Now you must decide exactly what you want to say. First, you should brainstorm your ideas. You will no doubt discover many ideas that you want to include in your speech. But you must be selective. You should include only information that is relevant to your audience and your objective. You should exclude all other ideas. You also need to create a title for your speech (if you have not already been given a title). The title will help you to focus on the subject. You can always give additional information during the questions after the speech. Notes When you give your speech, you should be or appear to be as spontaneous as possibl