绿色贸易壁垒对我国外贸的影响及对策推荐.doc

PAGE 摘　要 绿色贸易壁垒是当今国际贸易保护主义的新动向，是非关税壁垒的重要组成部分，它对国际贸易的发展产生了很大程度的影响。各国为了保护环境而采取的一些措施直接或间接地限制甚至禁止了某些产品的贸易，成为绿色贸易壁垒。并且随着各国环保标准的日趋严格，绿色贸易壁垒越来越被认为是国际贸易中新贸易保护主义的一种形式。在贸易与环境的矛盾下，绿色贸易壁垒便成为他们实施贸易保护的有力武器。作为一个贸易大国，绿色贸易壁垒己影响到我国对外贸易的发展，凡乎波及到我国外贸出口的所有领域。 因此，系统地研究绿色贸易壁垒，分析绿色贸易壁垒对国际贸易的影响，以及分析对中国经济可持续发展的影响，提出构建我国的绿色贸易壁垒应对策略，具有重要的理论和现实意义。本人倾向于客观中立的视角看待绿色贸易壁垒，认为绿色贸易壁垒是指一国以保护有限的自然资源、环境和人类健康为由，通过制定一系列苛刻的环保标准，对来自其他国家或地区的产品和服务直接或间接加以限制的贸易手段和措施，是新贸易保护主义与环境保护的产物，逐步成为国际贸易政策措施的重要组成部分。文章从国际贸易和环境问题的关系入手，理论分析、建立模型和实证分析相结合。首先从绿色贸易壁垒的文献综述着手，探讨了绿色贸易壁垒的定义、形式和特点;其次，对开放经济和封闭经济的两国模式的计算分析，讨论了绿色贸易壁垒对贸易、环境的影响;最后，结合当今全球经济发展和环境问题发展趋势及特点，对当今中国应对绿色贸易壁垒体系的策略进行了分析。 关键词：绿色贸易壁垒；国际贸易；策略 Abstract Green trade barriers，the new trend of international trade protectionism，are an important part of non-tariff barriers，which have significant influence on the development of international trade. In order to protect their own environment，the world nations adopt some measures，directly or indirectly，to restrict or even prohibit trade activities of some products，which serves as the Green Barriers in the international business and trade. With the increasing critical environmental standards，the Green Barrier has been becoming a new form of trade protectionism in the world trade. When in face of the conflict between trade and environment，the Green Barriers can be a powerful weapon of trade protectionism. As China has become a trading power, the Green Barriers has influenced the development of China’s foreign trade， nearly including all its fields. Therefore，it is of theoretical and realistic significance to study the Green Barriers and its influence on international trade and the sustainable development of China’s economy systematically and finally put forward the strategies to cope with the Green Barriers and properly construct our own Green Barriers. The author tends to view the Green Barriers in a neutral and objective perspective. The thesis holds the opinion that the Green Barriers are the trade instruments and measures take