中国海洋大学通识课程西方文明史1精选.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * The Hellenistic Age (336-30 BCE) Alexander the Great Diffusion of Greek culture * Alexander’s Empire * Alexander the Great * Alexander the Great in battle, detail from the so-called Alexander Sarcophagus, marble, c. 310 BCE, from Sidon; in the Archaeological Museums of Istanbul. * Sleeping Eros, Hellenistic Arts * Contributions of Ancient Greeks Logic, philosophy, science, literature, arts, political thoughts, historiography, poetics, esthetics, etc. Handcraft, architecture, navigation, military arts, political and legal systems, etc. * 3.2. Roman Heritage Ancient Rome Republic Rome Roman Empire * Ancient Rome The Legend of Romulus and Remus: they found Rome at 735 BCE Plebeians and Patricians Rome under The Etruscans: Political system like Athens’: capitol * Romulus and Remus with their wolf foster-mother, bronze sculpture, c. 500–480 BCE. In the Capitoline Museums, Rome, Italy. Height 85.1 cm. * Republic Rome Rome became a Republic 509 BCE The Punic Wars(265-146 BCE): Carthage and Hannibal Conquest of the Hellenistic Empire(146 BCE) The Crisis of the Republic * Julius Caesar, marble bust; in the Capitoline Museums, Rome. Left: Bronze bust, 1st century * Cicero, the Orator 104-43 BCE * Roman Empire Slave Uprising and Fall of Roman Republic The First Triumvirate: Pompey, Crassus and Caesar The Second Triumvirate: Antony, Lepidus and Octavian The Augustan Age and the Pax Romana * Livia, the Wife of the Emperor Augustus Marble statue of Caesar Augustus, 1st century CE. * Roman Empire * * The Romans typically viewed the people beyond their frontiers as barbarians to be conquered. This carving on marble of the third century CE depicts such a conquest. * Fall of Roman Empire Cults and Religions: Dionysus, The cult of the Egyptian  goddess Isis, Christianity Roman Legions and their political roles: Military anarchy