政策分析与政策研究的概念区别.ppt

political science The government system Institutional design Presidential system vs. parlimentary sytem The policy-making process How a policy is made. Policy analysis the study of ‘the politics of education’ The study of “ the politics of education” as a field has undergone a major shift From a behavioral paradigm to a policy paradigm. Cibulka, J. G. From what perspective to study ‘the politics of education’ Pluralism vs. political science Empiricism: behavioral orientation Eliot (1959) Behavioral science Wirt Kirst (1992) Pragmatism Buttom-up approaches Policy science A political model vs. rational model (p.105) Are Politics and administration separate? The rational-comprehensive model of organizational behavior The hidden role of values and interests in organizations. Greenfield (1986) and Foster (1986) The study of “ the politics of education” as a field has undergone a major shift From a behavioral paradigm to a policy paradigm. 政策科學、政策分析與政策研究的概念區別. 政策科學家policy scientist 與政策分析家policy analyist(Renolds, 1975：2-3) 學術研究-------------專業的實務者 價值自擇----------以職責或專業標準為價值 以政治過程的辯證程序檢視為規範架構------------以法律權威檢視 關切廣泛政策問題--------關切具體的政策問題 政策研究policy studies(Majchrzak, 1984：12) 以基本社會問題為探究對象 研究結果具高度實用性 研究之應用結果直接有助於社會問題的解決與緩和。 政策研究與政策分析policy research vs. policy analysis(Hanushek, 1990：147) 兩者皆高度行動取向 分析者重技術問題的研究；研究者重機本社會問題的分析。 分析者是顧客取向，有時間架構上限制，較關切相關興的答案更甚於嚴謹的理論與精密的知識。 政策分析的不同層面(Weimer and Vining,1992:4) policy research：prediction of impacts of changes in variables that can be altered by government. Policy analysis: analyzing and presenting alternatives available to political actors for solving public problems. 丘昌泰(1995).公共政策：當代政策科學理論之研究. 臺北：巨流 Criticism Atheoretical focus Individual policy domain, suffer from a provincial/state/local character (case studies) Not a cumulative knowledge base about politics across different policy areas. Descriptive case studies Comparative policy researches is expensive The politics of education as an ‘area study’