【大学课件】Human Parasitology—人类寄生虫.doc

Text Book of Human Parasitology Edited by Wu Zhongdao(吴忠道)、Zheng Xiaoyin(郑小英) Section I INTRODUCTION TO PARASITOLOGY Parasitology（寄生虫学）, the study of parasites（寄生虫） and their relationships to their hosts（宿主）, is one of the most fascinating areas of the biology. While it is entirely proper to classify many bacteria（细菌） and fungi（真菌） and all viruses as parasites, parasitology has traditionally been limited to parasitic protozoa（原虫）, helminthes（蠕虫）, and arthropods（节肢动物）, as well as those species of arthropods that serve as vectors（媒介）for parasites. It follows, then, that parasitology encompasses elements of protozoology（原虫学）, helminthology（蠕虫学）, and medical arthropodology（医学节肢动物学）. Human parasitology, an important part of parasitology, study the medical parasites including their morphology(形态学), life cycle（生活史）, the relationship with host and environment. The objectives are to study the way or the measurement of parasitic diseases control. IMPORTANCE OF PARASITOLOGY Why do students need to learn the course now? In part time, parasitic infections or parasitic diseases were the most common diseases in the world. Therefore, parasitology played important role on the medicine and public health, none neglect the important of parasitology. With the nearly simultaneous development of antibiotic drugs, synthetic pesticides（杀虫剂）, and various antiparasitic agents, it was for a time widely believed that the infectious diseases would for all practical purposes disappear from the clinical scene. Someone has asked the question, why do medical students still need to learn parasitology? Before answer the question, let me review the epidemic situation of parasitic diseases in the world. According to the WHO（世界卫生组织） 2001 year report, parasitic diseases is still an important human diseases. In the world, 210 million people reside in the endemic areas of malaria（疟疾）, 10 million cases with malaria occur every year; 20 million infected individuals was estimated