英汉文化比较与翻3.ppt

英汉文化比较与翻译 3 ejosie@163.com 练习1：翻译下列各句，注意根据right在句中的词类来确定它的词义。 1. It is not right for children to sit up late. 2. The plane was right above our heads. 3. In the negative, right and left, and black and white are reversed. 4. She tried her best to right her husband from the charge of robbery. 参考译文： 1. 孩子们睡得晚不好。（形容词） 2. 飞机正好在我们头上面。（副词） 3. 照片底片上，左右黑白与正片恰好相反。（名词） 4. 她尽力为她丈夫被控抢劫申冤。（动词） 语言本身没有阶级性，但为了忠实于原文的思想内容，翻译是必须正确理解原作者的基本政治立场和观点，然后选用适当的语言手段来加以表达。如： 1. Mr. Brown felt greatly flattered when he received the invitation to deliver a lecture. 2. Hans was too obviously flattering the gentleman by saying he was the most courageous man he had ever seen. 3. You’re flattering me by saying that. 1.布朗先生接到作演讲的邀请时，感到非常荣幸。 2.汉斯说，这位先生是他所见过的最有胆识的人，这种阿谀奉承未免过于露骨。 3.你那么说，就过奖了。 Translate the following sentences:（词语的褒贬色彩） 5. He was a man of integrity, but unfortunately he had a certain reputation. I believe the reputation was not deserved. 6. Then the Russians arrested me as a “spy” and sent me out through Poland. 7. He had lied to me and made me the tool of his wicked deeds. 8. Those who do not remember the past are condemned to relive it. 他是一个正直诚实的人，但不幸有某种坏名声。我相信他这个坏名声是不该有的。 后来，俄国人把我当作“间谍”逮捕了我，并把我驱逐出境，取道波兰。 他欺骗了我，让我成了他进行罪恶勾当的工具。 凡是忘掉过去的人注定要重蹈覆辙。 * * 英汉词法翻译 1.1 根据词类确定词义 英汉两种语言都有一词多类、一词多义的现象。如： 1. Like charges repel; unlike charges attract. 2. He likes mathematics more than physics. 3. Like knows like. 1.相同的电荷相斥，不同的电荷相吸。 2. 他喜欢数学甚于喜欢物理。 3. 英雄识英雄。 1 词义的选择 选择词义，首先要判明一个词在句中属于哪一种词类，起什么作用，然后再根据词类选择适当的词义。如round 一词 1. Come round and see me this evening. (adv.) 今晚请过来看我. 2. She has got a mellow ,round voice. (adj.) 她的声音圆润洪亮. 3. The night watchman makes his rounds. （Noun） 守夜者巡察. 4. The bear rounded and faced the hunters. (Verb) 那熊转过身来对着猎人们. 5.When you pronounce the vowel 【u:】, round your lips. 发元音【u:】时，要双唇收圆． 1.2 根据上下文（语境）确定词义 1. We hope Mr. White will not forget himself, gone are the days when a representative of a large country in UN. may do whatever he likes. 我们希望怀特先生不要忘