甲醛工艺设计预热器.doc

题目：年产5万吨工业级甲醛反应部分的工艺设计 —甲醇预热器的设计 2011年5月30日 摘 要： 2 Abstract: 2 1.概述 3 1.1 性状及用途 3 1.2 甲醛的生产工艺 3 1.2.1 银催化法生产甲醛 3 1.2.2 ?铁钼法生产甲醛 5 1.2.3 其他方法 5 1.3 国内外生产概况 7 1.4 市场需求及发展前景 7 2. 原料、辅助原料、产品的主要技术规格 9 2.1 原料规格 9 2.2 产品质量 9 3. 工艺介绍 10 4. 换热器设计方案的确定 10 4.1.换热器的工艺计算 11 4.1.1 确定物性数据 11 4.1.2 计算冷却剂用量 11 4.1.3 计算传热面积 12 4.2. 工艺尺寸计算 12 4.2.1 管径 12 4.2.2管子数 12 4.2.3 传热管排列 12 4.2.4 壳体内径 13 4.2.5 折流板 13 4.2.6 其他附件 13 4.3换热器核算 13 4.3.1 壳体表面给热系数 13 4.3.3 污垢热阻和管壁热阻 14 4.3.4 传热系数Kc 14 4.3.5 传热面积裕度 15 4.3.6 壁温核算 15 4.4.2 壳程阻力 16 4.4.3 换热器主要结构尺寸和设计计算结果 17 结束语 18 参考文献 19 谢 辞 20 附图1 19 附图2 20 年产5万吨工业级甲的工艺设计 — 摘 要： 关键词：甲；工艺设计； Process design of the reaction of industrial Formaldehyde of 50,000 tons per year: the design of methanol preheater Abstract: Formaldehyde is important chemical products. Its properties, applications and the main production methods, the market prospect and development tendency were mainly introduced in this article; Annual output of 50,000 tons of industrial grade formaldehyde was designed in an reaction process; Adopted iron molybdenum method, using methanol and air as raw material, through preheating, evaporation, heating, reaction, cooling, absorption was formaldehyde products. It is mainly responsible for the design of methanol preheater in this article. According to the material calculation and heat calculation results to determine the preheater parameters, type and feature sizes: nominal diameter 9m2 250mm, nominal area, tube length number 20, 6m, with floating head heat exchanger, the arrangement of tubes with equilateral triangle arrangement, arched baffle.Heat exchanger and the flow mechanics and thermodynamics of the accounting. The results show that the heat exchanger is designed to meet the requirements. Key words: formaldehyde; process design; preheater  1.概述 1.1 性状及用途[1] 甲醛是最简单的醛HCHO，通常把它归为饱和一元醛，但它又相当于二元醛纯净的甲醛是无色具有刺激性气味的气体，其沸点为－19，能与空气及氧气混合为爆炸性气体。易燃烧，能溶于水及醇，微溶于丙酮、苯和醚。甲醛气体在高压及低温下，能液化成无色液体，通常都是以水溶液出售，35%~40%甲醛水溶液被称为福尔马林。甲醛与其它醛类物质一样，容易与许多物质发生加