Myers+Psy06知觉.ppt

Myers’ PSYCHOLOGY  Chapter 6 Perception Perception Selective Attention focus of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus Change Blindness Perceptual Illusions Perceptual Illusions Perceptual Illusions Perceptual Illusions Perceptual Illusions Perceptual Illusions Perceptual Illusions Perceptual Organization: Gestalt Visual Capture tendency for vision to dominate the other senses Gestalt--an organized whole tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes Perceptual Organization: Gestalt Grouping the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups Grouping Principles proximity--group nearby figures together similarity--group figures that are similar continuity--perceive continuous patterns closure--fill in gaps connectedness--spots, lines, and areas are seen as unit when connected Perceptual Organization: Illusory Contours Perceptual Organization Figure and Ground--organization of the visual field into objects (figures) that stand out from their surroundings (ground) Perceptual Organization: Grouping Principles Perceptual Organization: Closure Gestalt grouping principles are at work here. Perceptual Organization: Grouping Principles Gestalt grouping principles are at work here. Perceptual Organization: Depth Perception Depth Perception ability to see objects in three dimensions allows us to judge distance Binocular cues retinal disparity images from the two eyes differ closer the object, the larger the disparity convergence neuromuscular cue two eyes move inward for near objects Perceptual Organization: Depth Perception Perceptual Organization: Depth Perception Monocular Cues relative size smaller image is more distant interposition closer object blocks distant object relative clarity hazy object seen as more distant texture coarse -- close fine -- distant Perceptual Organization: Depth Perception Perceptual Organization: Depth Perception Perceptual Organization: Depth Perception Monocul