Lecture2：British history.ppt

Hundred-yearWar with France Lasted, on and off, for a hundred years (15th century) Joan of Arc圣女贞德 A famous peasant girl Under Joan of Arc, French won a number of victories. Regarded as a national French heroine. The Wars of the Roses Event - A series of civil wars between supporters of Lancaster and York. The badges a red rose Vs. a white one Reason In 1455 the Duke of York tried to displace the Lancaster king, Henry VI. Result In 1485, Henry Tudor, as Henry VII, founded the Tudor Monarchy. The Wars of the Roses Event - A series of civil wars between supporters of Lancaster and York. The badges a red rose Vs. a white one Reason In 1455 the Duke of York tried to displace the Lancaster king, Henry VI. Result In 1485, Henry Tudor, as Henry VII, founded the Tudor Monarchy. The Beginning of the Modern World From the 16th to the 20th century Ruling Houses Ruling Period House of Tudor 1485-1603 House of Stuart 1603-1649 House of Stuart (restored) 1660-1714 House of Hanover 1714-1910 Henry VIII (1509-1547) Significant event Established the Church of England Reason Henry wanted to divorce and have a son. Result Married six times Left England strong and free to make her way in a new world. Princess Mary divorced survived beheaded divorced Prince Edward died Princess Elizabeth beheaded Elizabeth I (1553---1603) The last Tudor monarch The Golden Age The English navy defeated the Spanish Armada in 1588 The flourishing of English drama The Civil War (1642-1649) Event Charles I burst into the Houses of Parliament to arrest leading members of the Parliament. Between The Roundheads (supporters of Parliament) The Cavaliers (supporters of the King) Result of the Civil War The execution of Charles I Oliver Cromwell formed republican England, the Commonwealth of England. English monarchy was abolished. Queen Victoria The longest reign in British history Victoria’s Time Britain became the most powerful and richest country in the world. Brit