spa1 社会心理学与健康.ppt

Social Psychology in Action 1 Social Psychology and Health PowerPoint Presentation Prepared By Fred W. Whitford Montana State University Chapter Outline I. Stress and Human Health Stress and Human Health Stress can affect the body in dramatic ways. Stress and Human Health Effects of Negative Life Events Research finds that the amount of stress in a person抯 life correlates with anxiety and illness; however, this is correlational research, and variables not measured by the researchers may account for the findings. Stress and Human Health Perceived Stress and Health Another problem with the method of trying to quantify stress in terms of life change units is that it ignores subjective interpretations of events. Stress and Human Health Perceived Stress and Health According to Lazarus (1966, 1993, 2000), it is subjective and not objective stress that causes problems. Stress and Human Health Perceived Stress and Health In this model, stress can be defined as the negative feelings and beliefs that occur whenever people feel they cannot cope with demands from their environment. Stress and Human Health Perceived Stress and Health Cohen, Tyrrell, and Smith (1991, 1993) demonstrated that subjective levels of stress predict who will catch the common cold. Stress and Human Health Perceived Stress and Health Stress and Human Health Feeling in Charge: The Importance of Perceived Control One of the things that determines whether or not people interpret a situation as stressful is how much control they feel they have over events. Stress and Human Health Feeling in Charge: The Importance of Perceived Control Perceived control, or the belief that we can influence our environment in ways that determine whether we experience positive or negative outcomes, is important independent of the degree of actual control that we have. Stress and Human Health Feeling in Charge: The Importance of Perceived Control Stress and Human Health F