基于单片机的超声波测距系统的设计1.doc

基于单片机的超声波测距系统的设计 摘 要： 这是一种可应用于倒车雷达的超声波测距系统。本系统采用单片机为核心， 结合发射和接受模块构成整个的测距系统。倒车雷达是用来探测车身和周围的障碍物并显示其距离，以帮助驾驶员安全倒车或泊车的辅助电子设备，在纵多的汽车中逐渐普及应用，而且较多的应用了本系统设计采用的无源探头。采用无源探头能够降低整个系统的设计成本，为能够更广泛的应用超声波测距系统打了坚实的基础。因此，本系统的设计具有广泛的运用价值和意义。 关键字：超声波测距； 倒车雷达； 运用价值 Abstract: This is a reversing radar can be used in ultrasonic ranging system. The system uses a single-chip microcomputer as the core, Combination of transmitting and receiving modules constitute the entire ranging system. Reversing radar is used to detect obstacles in and around the body and displays its distance, in order to help driver safety reversing or parking and ancillary electronic equipment, in many longitudinal vehicle gradually wider application, and more applications of the system design Passive probe used. Passive probe can reduce overall design cost, in order to be able to the wider use of ultrasonic ranging system playing a solid foundation. Therefore, the design of the system has a broad application of the value and significance. Keyword: Ultrasonic Ranging; reversing radar; use Value 目 录 引言·····················································4 超声波测距系统主要功能的概述························4 超声波测距系统的主要技术指标····················4 超声波测距系统的原理·····························4 超声波测距系统的硬件组成·························5 超声波测距系统的软件设计·························9 超声波测距系统的测试数据和测试结果分析········10 总结···············································11 谢辞····················································11 参考文献···············································12 附录一 ——超声波测距系统原理图··························13 附录二——超声波测距系统的PCB图···················14 附录三——超声波测距系统的源程序·························15 引言： 本系统以STC89C52单片机控制为核心、发出40K发波信号，经发射电路升压后驱动超声波换能器，然后再由超声波接收头接受信号，送到单片机处理后，由液晶显示模块显示测量数据。此外，本系统还包括了测温系统，测温工作由DS18B20完成，由本系统构成的超声波测距系统具有测量准确，显示便捷，操作灵活，反应迅速，系统工作稳定，耗电低，报警提示等特点。 超声波的主要功能概述： 实时显示当前测量距离； 实时显示当前测量温度； 具有近距离和远距离两种测量模式； 能够实时报警功能； 具有开机系统自检功能； 二、 超声波测距仪的主要技术指标 测量距离：0.20m-10.00m 测温范围：0℃-125℃ 测量距离精度：1cm 实时功率：0.05W 系统发射功率：1mW(max) 工作电流：80m