心理干预对围绝经期妇女心理行为的影响.doc

心理干预对围绝经期妇女心理行为的影响 【摘要】目的探讨心理干预对围绝经期女性情绪障碍的影响。方法选择我院妇科门诊及住院围绝经期妇女103例，经症状自评量表(SCL-90)初评后随机分为对照组和干预组，两组均给予药物治疗和相关知识宣教等常规护理，干预组在此基础上给予个性化心理干预。采用SCL-90、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)分别于干预前、干预4周后评定患者情绪变化。结果常规护理后两组SAS、SDS分值均出现显著下降(P0.01)。与对照组相比，心理干预后，干预组SCL-90、SDS、SAS得分降低更显著(P0.05)。结论在药物治疗基础上辅以个性化心理干预，能明显改善围绝经期妇女的抑郁和焦虑等心理行为问题。 【关键词】 围绝经期;情绪障碍;心理干预 [Abstract]ObjectiveTo explore effects of psychological intervention on psychological disorder in perimenopausal women.MethodsGynecology clinic and hospital 103 cases of perimenopausal women aged 40~60 were randomly divided into the control and study group. The two groups were accepted general nursing such as drug treatment and professional education. Meanwhile, the study group was accepted individual psychological intervention. Mental state of peri-menopausal women was assessed by Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS).ResultsScores of SAS and SDS in the two groups were significantly lowered after general nursing (P0.01). As compared with the control group, scores of SCL-90, SDS and SAS in the stuey group with psychological intervention were lowered significantly (P0.05).ConclusionsBased on drug treatment, individual psychological intervention can effectively attenuate depression and anxiety of peri-menopausal women. [Key words]perimenopausal; psychological disorder; psychological intervention 围绝经期情绪障碍是女性在自然绝经期前、后发生的以焦虑、抑郁为主要特征的、非特异性心理综合征[1]。女性围绝经期由于激素代谢的紊乱, 常出现各种躯体症状和心理障碍, 抑郁症则是这一时期最常见的疾病之一[2]。2008年10月以来，笔者对伴有焦虑、抑郁症状的围绝经期妇女，在给予药物治疗的同时，辅以个体化的综合护理干预，收到良好效果，现报告如下。 1资料与方法 1.1一般资料 我院妇科门诊及住院的围绝经期情绪障碍患者103例，符合中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准(CCMD- 3)有关抑郁症的诊断标准[3]，均自愿接受调查。采用心理行为问题评估量表进行初步筛查，随机分为两组：对照组49例，45~60(49.5±7.4)岁，平均病程(3.4±1.8)年。干预组54例，44~60(47.9±6.6)岁，平均病程(3.6±2.1)年。两组均伴有不同程度的焦虑、抑郁症状，如焦躁不安、失眠、健忘、性情怪癖、多疑、敏感、情绪低落和恐惧等。两组年龄、病程等基线资料比较差异无显著性(P0.05)。排除情感性精神障碍、脑器质性精神障碍、躯体疾病所致精神障碍、应激性情感障碍以及偏执性、分裂样情感障碍; 排除精神分裂症以及酒精药物滥用史。 1.2方法 1.2.1评估工具及标准 采用心理与行为问题评估量表，包括：(1)症状自评量表(SCL-90)[4]。包括10个因子，各因子评分之和为综合分，分值