常见题型及写作技巧.doc

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常见题型及写作技巧

常见题型及写作技巧 ? 1. 段首句作文 给出每一段句子的第一句英文,然后根据段首句进行扩写。段首句给出了全文的框架,为考生提供了段落发展的有利条件,学生只需增加材料加以扩充,相对而言,较为简单,考生在文章的结构和内容安排上不易出差错. ? 短首句作文的解题步骤: 1). 准确理解文章标题 文章标题是文章主题思想的高度浓缩和概括. 它给写作限定了一个范围,文章的写作均围绕标题展开. 因此, 准确理解标题, 写作是就不会跑题, 并能把握住文章的体裁, 如说明文, 记叙文, 议论文. 2). 找准关键词, 确定段落内容 段首句提供了该段的中心思想, 然而, 要把握段落扩展的范围和方向, 保持与主题的统一性, 则要寻找关键词. 围绕它进行展开. 3). 确定段落的发展方法 这一步就是要考虑文章的写作方法, 突出主题. 要根据不同的段首句选择不同的段落发展方法. 主要方法有例证法, 因果法, 列举法, 比较法, 对照法. 这些方法的灵活应用,可使文章脉络清晰, 逻辑性强. 4). 搞清段落与段落之间的关系 给出的段首句实际上是文章的大体结构和内容. 因此, 应通过对标题和关键词的反系和推敲, 宏观统筹各段的写作内容, 不要使起内容重复. 各段所选的扩充材料也应具有代表性, 能充分证明, 解释主题句的思想内涵. ? 如下例所示: Directions: For this part, position on the topic “Sports” in three paragraphs. Ypleting the paragraph. Yposition  should be approximately 120 to 150 words, not including the words already given.    1. Almost everybody likes sports.…   2. People in different places like different sports. …   3. As for, … Sample1:                   Sports   Almost everybody likes sports. More and more people, men and women, the young and the old, are willing to take part in some kind of sports nowadays. Sfessional sportsmen. It has, in fact, become the most popular form of recreation and relaxation that practically all can enjoy. This is because sports help to keep people fit, strong and healthy, and consequently help people to live a happier, fuller and longer life.   People in different places like different sports. For example, those people living in a hot climate or near rivers, lakes or the sea generally like to go swimming, while those living in a cold climate or near snow-capped mountain areas enjoy shining. The Mongolians, living on the prairie, are famous for their horse racing, and the Arabs, being in the desert, are noted for their camel riding. In fact, people almost everywhere have their own special types of sports.   As for me, my favorite kind of sports is fishing. Weather permitting, I always go to fish in the small river near my home on Sundays. In order to be a successful fisherman, I have to be patien

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