毕业设计--超声检测仪器设计.docx

摘要超声检测技术是无损检测领域中的一种非常重要的方法，已被广泛地应用于在线质量控制、在役设备和关键零部件的安全监测之中。超声检测的数字化已经成为超声检测仪器发展的必然趋势。本文利用EPLD 强大的实时逻辑处理功能、易于利用的I/O 端口和高速处理能力，借助单片机MCU面向控制、体积小、成本低、可靠性高、运用灵活等特点，开发了一个便携式数字化超声检测仪器。实现了检测过程的信号发射、接收、放大、噪声处理、数据采集、回波图形显示、缺陷判定、以及检测结果存储、回放和输出，解决了传统超声检测无记录等问题，减少了人为因素的影响。利用数字信号处理技术，提高了信噪比，提高了检测的可靠性，为成像检测奠定了良好的基础。在超声检测仪器开发中，采用了模块化的设计方案，提高了系统的易维护性；选用了低噪声、低漂移、高精度、高可靠性的集成电路芯片，提高了系统的可靠性；采用大屏幕的液晶显示器、触摸式功能键盘、中文菜单化的操作界面等，实现了良好的人机界面。该仪器具有检测精度高、结构简单、操作方便，成本低廉、体积小、重量轻等特点。关键词：超声检测；便携式；数字化；EPLD；A/D 转换器研究类型：应用研究ABSTRACTUltrasonictestingisaveryimportantmethodofNDT (Non-destructive Testing).Ithas beenwidelyusedtocontrolthequalityofon-lineproduct,andtoinspectequipmentsand someimportantpartsused.Theresearchofthedigitalultrasonic testingdevicehasbecome inevitabletrendinworld.UsingtheadvantagesofEPLD (Erasable Programmable LogicDevice)whichhas powerfullogicfunctioneasily operatingI/Oports, highspeedoperationability,andbymeansof MCU (MicrocomputerControlUnits)whichhassmallvolume,lowprice,highdependability, usingagility,aportable digitalultrasonictestingdeviceisdeveloped.Thefunctionsofsignal emmitting,incepting, magnifying,datacollectingandprocessing,displayinggraphics,determinant defects, aswelldatasavingandoutputtingarerealized.Thesavingproblemoftraditional ultrasonictestingissolved,andsomeinfectionfactorsofhandlersarereduced.Invirtueoftechnologyofdigitalanalysisandprocessing，theSignal-to-Noiseisprogressed,andtestingreliabilityisimproved.A verygoodfoundationisestablishedfortheresearchofultrasonic imagetesting.Indeveloping ultrasonictestingdevice,theblockingdesigningmethodisused,system maintainability isprogressed.Integratecircuitsoflowernoise,lowerexcursion,higher precisionandhigherdependabilityischosen,reliabilityofhardwaresystemisinsured.ThebigscreenofLCD (LiquidCrystalDisplay),atouchkeyboard，andtheChineseoperationinterfacebasedontheprofessionalsoftwareandthetreeprocessingofsubmenufrommenu areused,interfaceofman-machine conversationisveryfriendly.Thetestingdevicehas advantagesofhightestingpreci