OK英美文学选读考前总复习.doc

英国文学Renaissance 文艺复兴/ William Shakespeare 威廉.莎士比亚----The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人/ Hamlet哈姆雷特/ The Tempest暴风雨/ Narrative poem叙事诗/ Sonnet十四行诗 一.William Shakespeare （i）Name his four greatest tragedies.（2）What are the characteristics of the four tragedies in common? (3)Briefly summarize each hero’s weakness of nature. 1. Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth. 2. Each portrays some noble hero, who faces the injustice of human life and is caught in a difficult situation and whose fate is closely connected with the fate of the whole nation. 3. Each hero has his weakness of nature; the old king Lear who is unwilling to totally give up his power; and Macbeth’s lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes 1。莎士比亚的四个最大的悲剧：“哈姆雷特”，“奥赛罗”， “李尔王”和“麦克白”。2。每部都描绘一些的英雄，面临着生活陷入困难的情况下，其命运与整个民族的命运紧密相连。3。每个英雄都有他的弱点; “李尔王”是不愿完全放弃自己的权力;和麦克白的权力欲挑起他的野心，并导致他不断的罪行 二. Try to discuss William Shakespeare‘s art of creations. 1. Shakespeare’s major characters are neither merely individual ones nor type ones; they are individuals representing certain types. Each character has his or her own personalities; meanwhile, they may share features with others. 2. By applying a psycho-analytical approach, Shakespeare succeeds in exploring the characters’ inner mind . 3. Shakespeare seldom invents his own plots; instead, he borrows them from some old plays or storybooks, or from ancient Greek and Roman sources. 4. In his writings, disguise is also an important device to create dramatic irony, usually with woman disguised as man. 5. He often wrote skillfully in different poetic forms, like the sonnet, the blank verse, and the rhymed couplet. 1。莎士比亚的主要角色既不是个别的也没有类型的，他们是代表某些类型的个人。每个人物都有他或她自己的个性;同时，他们。2。莎士比亚通过应用心理分析方法，成功探索人物的内心。3。莎士比亚很少发明自己的; 取而代之的是，他借用一些剧或故事书，或来自古希腊和古罗马。4。在他的著作，伪装地创造戏剧性的讽刺5.他经常写在不同的诗歌形式，如十四行诗，空白的诗句，和押韵的对联。 三.Briefly discuss why Hamlet is so impressive in Shakespeare’s Hamlet. 1. The hero Hamlet in Shakespeare’s play Hamlet is