专八人文知识之英国概况.doc

英语专八人文知识汇总 英国概况练习题：1Britain was the first country to industrialize because of the following factors except _____.英国之所以能成为世界上最早开始工业化的国家,原因有很多。但英国是从17世纪以后逐步开始对海外贸易和开拓海外殖民地产生浓厚兴趣的。A Britain was well placed geographically to participate in European and world trade.B Britain had many rivers, which were useful for transport.C British engineers had sound training and the inventors were respected.D British government was increasingly interested in overseas and colonies after the 17th century.2.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The monarch has very little power. 英国是君主立宪制国家，国王或女王（君主）几乎没什么实质性的权力。3the Conservative Party has always had strong links with the trade unions and received financial support from them? 保守党和自由党是英国最早成立的两个党派。大致来说，保守党是中上层阶级的党，它得到大公司财政上的支持；而工党，主要得到工会的支持，它的支持者主要是中产阶级和知识分子。4On accepting Bill of Rights, the age of constitutional monarchy, of a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament, began. 《权利法案》的签署，标志着英国进入了君主立宪制时代，一个君主几乎没有什么实质性权力并受制于议会的时代。5Females were allowed to vote in national elections until 1918.直到1918年妇女才在全国大选中享有选举权。6The British North America Act of 1867 established Canada as a domain. 《1867年英国北美法案》将加拿大纳为它的自治领。7During World War II, as a war leader,Winston Churchill received massive popular support and led his country to final victory in 1945. 在第二次世界大战中，当时的英国首相丘吉尔作为战争统帅受到了英国人民的广泛拥戴，并带领英国人民赢得了战争的最后胜利。8The Falkland Islands war was between Britain and Argentina.福克兰群岛战役是发生在英国和阿根廷着这两个国家之间。位于大西洋南部的福克兰群岛从1892年起就是英国的海外殖民地，1982年阿根廷开始控制这些岛屿，但是英国最终打败了阿根廷，并重新占领了这些岛屿。9In Britain, a by-election is held when a Member of Parliament dies, retires or resigns. 英国的下院议会成员中有人去世、退休或辞职时，就要进行补缺选举。10In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of the Prime Minister.在英国，部长们是由首相推荐，女王加以任命的。1.How many members are there in the House of Commons? 下议院共有651名议员。2.Which of the following people didn’t use to be the British Prime Minister? 撒切尔夫人，丘吉尔和梅杰都曾经做过英国首相；而纳尔逊（1758-1805），英国海军统帅，因作战负伤，右眼失明，失去右臂。后任地中海舰队司令，在特法尔加角海战中大败