人力资源管理得挑战.ppt

1). A Brief History of Human Resource Management The Craft System Master craftsman and apprentice Industrial Revolution Move to factory system and move to machines Division of labor Scientific Management Taylor Conducted scientific experiments to improve efficiency Theory X Human Relations Hawthorne experiments The “Hawthorn effect” led researchers to associate social factors with work Theory Y Workers inherently dislike work Workers must be coerced, controlled, directed, threatened with punishment to get them to accomplish work objectives Talent is narrowly distributed Workers will do as little work as they are required to do Motivated by money Need for formal, well established lines of authority Clearly defined jobs Workers like work, cooperative, friendly Work is widely distributed throughout the workforce Workers can be motivated to work independently Managers who accepted Y, would not structure, control, or closely supervise the work environment Encourage self-control, motivate by providing satisfying work (e.g., challenging work) Nature of Human Resource Management Human Resource Management The design of formal systems in an organization to ensure effective and efficient use of human talent to accomplish organizational goals. All management decisions and practices that directly affect or influence people - planning, acquiring, retaining (controlling turnover), developing or training, performance appraisal, compensation, safety and health, family and work life. HRM has wide range of functions and areas of responsibility. Nature of Human Resource Management Who Is an HR Manager? In the course carrying out their duties, every operating manager is, in essence, an HR manager. HR specialists design processes and systems that operating managers help implement. Typical Division of HR Responsibilities HR Unit Develops legal, effective interviewing techniques Trains managers in conducting selection interviews Conducts interviews and testing Sends top three applicant