北京交通大学教学课件—能源科学导论 第四章 新能源-2.pptVIP

This photo of Reykjavik, Iceland, was taken in 1932, when buildings were all heated by burning of (imported) fossil fuels. Today, about 95% of the buildings in Reykjavik are heated with geothermal water. Reykjavik is now one of the cleanest cities in the world. Geothermal heat pumps can be used almost everywhere in the world, without a geothermal reservoir. The insulating properties of the earth, just below our feet, can keep us warm or cool. Binary technology allows the use of lower temperature reservoirs, thus increasing the number of reservoirs that can be used. This binary plant is at Soda Lake, Nevada. This power plant provides about 25% of the electricity used on the Big Island of Hawaii. It is a hybrid binary and flash plant. This binary power plant, at Wendell-Amadee, California, runs by itself. If it detects a problem, it automatically radios the operator to come to the site. This small binary power plant is in Fang, Thailand. Power Plant in Northern California Mammoth Power Plant Clearlake Water Treatment Hydrothermal plant in New Zealand Geothermal power could serve 100% of the electrical needs of 39 countries (over 620,000,000 people) in Africa, Central/ South America and the Pacific. Producing electricity is a relatively new use of geothermal energy. People have used Earths natural hot water directly since the dawn of humankind. Direct Usage of Geothermal Energy This historical drawing depicts Native Americans using hot springs at what is now Calistoga, California. Some tribes considered hot springs to be neutral territory where no wars were allowed. Use of hot springs by Maoris of New Zealand for cooking and other purposes extends into modern times. Modern day Beppu Japan uses geothermal water and heat in buildings and factories and has 4,000 hot springs and bathing facilities that attract 12 million tourists a year. Bathing in hot pools like these at Hot Creek, Mammoth Lakes, California, has been practiced throughout history. Be careful -- people an