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陇西河流域水稻平衡施肥对土壤氮磷钾养分影响研究.docVIP

陇西河流域水稻平衡施肥对土壤氮磷钾养分影响研究.doc

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陇西河流域水稻平衡施肥对土壤氮磷钾养分影响研究

陇西河流域水稻平衡施肥对土壤氮磷钾养分影响研究   摘要:采用“3414”二次回归最优设计方案,研究了陇西河流域水稻平衡施肥对土壤氮、磷、钾养分变化的影响。结果表明,水稻种植后,各处理土壤碱解氮、速效钾含量均有不同程度地提高;土壤全磷含量不同程度地降低,而土壤速效磷含量变化差异较大;大多数处理土壤全氮含量不同程度地降低;土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾的含量分?与施氮量、施磷量、施钾量呈极显著正相关。同时,随着施氮量的增加,土壤速效磷的含量也随之增加。   关键字:水稻;“3414”试验;肥力;面源污染;陇西河流域   中图分类号:S158.3文献标识码:A文章编号:0439-8114(2011)13-2618-05      Effect of Balanced Fertilization of Rice on the Content of NPK in Soil   in Longxi River Basin      QI Hui1,WU Jun1,HAN Qiao1,YE Xiao-li2,YANG Qin1   (1.College of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;   2.Agriculture Bureau of Yucheng County in Ya’an City, Ya’an 625014, Sichuan, China)      Abstract: “3414” optimal design of quadratic regression test program was adopted to study the effect of balanced fertilization of rice on the contents of N, P and K in soil, in order to provide a reliable theoretical foundation to maintain soil fertility, control and prevent the area-source pollution in Longxi River Basin. The results showed that after planting, the contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium in soil of all the treatments increased to different degrees. The content of total phosphorus in soil decreased to some extent, while the changes of available phosphorus content were greatly different. The total nitrogen content increased in treatments 6,7,8,11 and 12, while decreased in all the other treatments. There were extremely significant positive correlation between the content of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and the nitrogen application amount, the content of available phosphorus and the phosphorus application amount, the content of available potassium and the potassium application amount. Meanwhile, the content of available phosphorus in soil increased with the increasing of nitrogen application.   Key words: rice; “3414” test; fertility; area-source pollution; Longxi river basin      施肥的目的不仅在于提高作物产量、改善作物质量,还在于不断培育和提高土壤肥力,创造高产稳产的土壤条件,同时减少农业面源污染[1]。近年来,化肥的过量施用带来的肥效降低以及对环境的不良影

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