英语语法专题-定语从句 大学英语四级辅导幻灯片课件.ppt

形容词性从句--定语从句;定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句; 定语从句常用关系词;e.g. In this earthquake, the number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250,000. I have many good friends to whom I am going to send postcards.; 定语从句引导词的选择;5. 只用which，不用that的情况 引导非限制性定语从句时； 引导词前有介词时； 一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一个用that引导，另一个用which引导； e.g. He bought a book that could give him much knowledge and which could help him to kill the time. ;6. 当先行词是those, he, she, anyone, one, no one, all, nobody, anybody, none等人称代词时，常用who引导，不用that。 God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。 He who hesitates must be lost. 当断不断，必受其乱。 ;as 从句的先行词是the same, such, 或被他们所修饰；多用于表示肯定意义的从句中，不用于表否定意义的从句中。 Many of the sports are the same as they were when they started. The result was not such as he expected. It was raining hard, which(as) was unexpected. ;8. but在英语句子中可用作关系代词 but在英语句子中可用作关系代词，引导定语从句。但应特别注意but常与否定词连用，表示肯定意义。 There is no old habit but may be cured by a strong will power. 没有顽强的意志力改不了的旧习惯。 With the introduction of the electronic computer，there is no complicated problem but can be solved in a few hours. 由于引进了电子计算机，没有在几小时内解决不了的复杂问题。 ;9. than也可以用作关系代词 than也可以用作关系代词引导定语从句，但要注意主句中必须有比较级形式和than前后呼应，同时than后谓语的单复数取决于先行词的单复数。 The question is more complicated than appears on the surface. 问题比表面上看起来的要复杂得多。 He smoked more cigarettes than were normally available 他吸的香烟比他通常弄到的要多。 ;We often advise him not to drink more wine than is good for his health. 我们经常劝他为了身体健康不要喝过量的酒。 To understand the situation completely requires more thought than has been given thus far. 要彻底理解这种局势需要作比迄今为止更多的思考。;10. 关系代词that和关系副词when，where???why;This is the museum which we visited last week. （which在从句中作visited的宾语） This is the place where the traffic accident occurred.（where 在从句中作状语） The reason why he refused her is not known. why在从句中作状语） The reason which he gave is unbelievable. （which在从句中作gave的宾语）;This is the house in which Louis XIII lived. =This is house which Louis XIII lived in. = This is the house where Louis XIII liv