考点56 短文填空之自由填空——备战2018年中考英语考点一遍过.doc

考点 把语法知识测试全部放在语篇中进行，旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用语言知识的能力。它不但要求考生有扎实的词汇、语法等基础知识和对句型结构的灵活运用能力，而且还要求考生有良好的语感和一定的阅读理解能力。 自由填空是中考短文填空中难度最大的，这种题目因题型的开放性和综合性而备受关注。试题特点是一篇短文挖空8-10个单词，且没有任何提示，让考生根据短文内容自由填词，难度较大，主观性较强，有时可能出现多种答案。 二、满分技巧 1. 解题步骤： （1）快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单把握的空，可以先填出来； （2）上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式； （3）通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。 无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词、代词、介词、连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。 （1）名词前面一般用冠词、代词或介词等。 （2）如果需要填入代词，就要考虑到是人称代词的主格、宾格或物主代词的变化、指示代词的用法； （3）并列的两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and, but, or等； （4）两句之间，如果不是并列句，则很可能是主从句，因此需要填入从属连词（what,which, who, how, when等）。或者是宾语从句，定语从句或者是状语从句的连接词。这种空格需要同学们根据句子结构，分析到底是什么从句，从而选择合适的从属连词。 A Many people say that they are working too ____1____ hours. They don’t have free time with their families. They can’t take care ____2____ things at home. They don’t have time to relax. Work hours are _____3_ ___ from one country to another. In France, people spend about 1646 hours a year at work. In Japanese, however, people work about 2159 hours a year .That means a Japanese worker works 513 more hours a year _____4____a French worker. That is about 12 weekends of extra(额外的) work! _____5____ do people work so many hours? Some people work extra hours because they want to get more money, but many companies don’t pay ____6____ extra work .The people in these companies work extra hours because they think it’s their duty .Some people are afraid they will _____7_____their job if they don’t work extra hours. Many people say that their vacations are too short .In France, people get five weeks of paid vacation. In Germany, they get about four weeks. In the United States, two weeks of _____8_____is the average(平均). And many people don’t _____9__ __ all of their vacation days .In one survey, in England ,fewer than half of workers used all their vacation days .In English ,people say ,＂all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy .＂That is true, there are a lot of ____10____ people in the world. B Visitors to Japan are often excited about the delicious food, but many peop