自考英语 现代语言学概念.docxVIP

Linguistics: Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.Phonology: The study of how sounds are put together and used in communication is called phonology.Syntax: The study of how morphemes and words are combined to form sentences is called syntax. .Semantics: The study of meaning in language is called semantics.Pragmatics: The study of meaning in context of use is called pragmatics.Psycholinguistics: The study of language with reference to the workings of mind is called psycholinguistics.Language: Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.Phonetics: The study of sounds which are used in linguistic communication is called phonetics .Morphology: The study of the way in which morphemes are arranged to form words is called morphology.Sociolinguistics: The study of language with reference to society is called sociolinguistics,.Applied linguistics: In a narrow sense, applied linguistics refers to the application of linguistic principles and theories to language teaching and learning, especially the teaching of foreign and second languages. In a broad sense, it refers to the application of linguistic findings to the solution of practical problems such as the recovery of speech ability.arbitrariness: It is one of the design features of language. It means that there is no logical connection between meanings and soundsProductivity: Language is productive or creative in that it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by its users.Displacement: Displacement means that language can be used to refer to things which are present or not present, real or imagined matters in the past, present, or future, or in far-away places. In other words, language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speakerDuality: The duality nature of language means that language is a system, which consists of two sets of structure, or two levels, one of sounds and the other of meaning