gats框架下的自然人流动自由化问题分析-analysis of liberalization of natural persons movement under gats framework.docx

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2018-06-04 发布于上海
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gats框架下的自然人流动自由化问题分析-analysis of liberalization of natural persons movement under gats framework.docx

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gats框架下的自然人流动自由化问题分析-analysis of liberalization of natural persons movement under gats framework

AbstractThepresenceofnaturalpersonwasbroughttodiscussintheUruguayRoundof GATSforthefirsttime,whichestablishedtheinternationalframeworkofMode4.Its opennesshelpstocometoanagreementandbringsmanydivergencesamongparties. Untilnow,thelevelofliberalizingofmode4isthelowestoneofallGATSmodes. ReasonscausingthisdilemmaarethosedefectsinGATSframework,tradebarriersand different policies among parties.WiththepromotionoftheglobalizationandGATS,economicbenefitscontainedin theliberalizingofpresenceofnaturalpersonhavebeenheldincommon.Theissueof liberalizingofMode4inthetradenegotiationsisstillintrouble.Developedcountriesare notwillingtoopenthemarketaccessandgivecitizentreatmenttoMode4,and developingcountriescannotbringforwardattractionstoallurethemtodoso.Atpresent the compromise of Mode 4 negotiation is still a long way to go.OutsidetheframeworkofGATS,regionaltradeconventions,suchasASEANand OEPC,whosebeneficialmaketheirframeworkopenenoughtoachievefurther completeness,IGOs,suchasIMOandILO,whoarestrivingtoliberalizeMode4though internationallaborstandardsandrelatedconferences,andcountries,whousetheir flexibilitytoliberalizethe international market access of Mode 4 spare noeffort.TheMode4ofChinarelyoncommercialpresence,itsmainformislaborservice export,serviceprovidersarelow-levelworkerswhoarespreadonlabor-intensive industries;manyofserviceprovidersimportofChinaishigh-levelworkers,onasmall scale.Themainobstaclesareabsenceofdomesticlaw,defectsofframeworkofpresence ofnaturalperson,andtradebarriersofmarketaccess.Tounlimitedtheobstructionsof presenceofnaturalperson,ChinashouldtakeanactivepartintheGATSnegotiations, cooperatewithIGOs,workhardertopromotebilateralcooperation;onthedomesticpoint ofview,weshouldadjusttheframeworkofMode4,optimizethemanagementsystem, andovercomethetradebarriersofMode4.Onlyinthisway,canwemakeabeneficialtry andareasonableschemeofinternationalanddomesticlawtopromotetheprogressofthe liberalizing movement of natural persons.Key words:PresenceofnaturalpersonLiberalizingServic