产表面活性剂菌筛选及其对柴油降解的影响分析-screening of surfactant-producing bacteria and its influence on diesel oil degradation.docx

的基础上探索出一条处理大规模柴油污染土壤和水体的研究方法。关键词：生物表面活性剂，筛选，微生物培养，柴油降解，降解率，冷冻干燥法AbstractTheexploitationofoilhasbeendevelopedandappliedrapidlywiththeprocessof industrialization.However,therearealargenumberofoil-bearingsoilduringtheexploitationandrefining,whichhasresultedinoilpollutionmoreseriously.Dieseloilisakindofcomplexmixture,consistedofaparaffin,aromaticsandfattymaterial.For it’slowsolubilityinwater,dieseloilcanhardlyberemovedbywayofbiodegradation,thenthedecompositionofsoiloxidationofdieselwouldbemuchmoreslowlythan other pollutantsin thenature.Asakindofcompoundsconsistedofhydrophilicandhydrophobic,Biosurfactants alwayscomefrommicrobialsynthesis.Theyaresolubilization,wetting,penetrating,low-toxic,biodegradable,eco-compatibility,highefficientandstability.Theefficiencyofdieseldegradationcanbeimprovedbytwoways:ontheonehand, they helpaqueousandotherinsolublematerialsspreadintothecells,forwhichthecompoundscanbedegradedmoreeasier;Ontheotherhand,thehydrophobicpropertiesbetweenmicrobialcellsandhydrocarbonsonthesurfaceofcellcanberegulatedby biosurfactants, by which diesel degradation can bemore effectively.Firstly,7biosurfactantproducingstrains,obtainedfromtherestaurants’sewagebymethodofmicrobecultivation,one(B26)ofwhichcouldproducesurfactanthighefficiencybyaseriesofsreeningprocess.ThefermentationofB26couldbereducedfrom67.2mN/mto36.8mN/m.B26hadthelargestabsorptionpeaksuspensionatwave-lengthof600nmbyUV2550.Basedonthemorphological,physiologicalandbiochemicaltestresults,B26wasidentifiedasbacillussp.Secondly, This article hadexplained a set of simple and effective screeningwaysaccordingtomicroorganismculture,orthogonalexperiment.Thebestgrowing conditionsofB26 wasobtainedsuccessfully:K2HPO4 4.0g/L,KH2PO4 10.0g/L,CaCl22H2O0.1g/L,NaCl1g/L,KCl1g/L,(NH4)2SO4 1g/L,NaNO3 2g/L,MgSO4·7H2O0.2g/L, yeast paste 0.4g/L, soluble starch 1g/L, EDTA 1g/L, KI 0.83μg/L,H3PO40.01μg/L, CoCl·6H2O 0.048μg/L, MnSO4·H2O 0.312μg/L, Na2MoO4·2H2Oμg/L, ZnC12 0.287μg/L, CuSO4·5H2O 0.125μg/L, with initial pH