恩施土家族苗族自治州农村信用社综合运营能力实证分析-an empirical analysis of the comprehensive operation ability of rural credit cooperatives in enshi tujia and miao autonomous prefecture.docx

摘要长期以来，关于农村金融的研究已经成为社会持续关注的一个热点。随着金 融危机的爆发，各国政府在积极应对危机的同时，加强了对金融机构稳健且可持 续经营的重视。/z/Search.e?sp=S%E5%86%9C%E6%9D%91%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8Damp;ch=w.search.yjjlinkamp;cid=w.search.yjjlink农村金融是现代农村经济的核心，是我国金融体系中最薄弱的环 节，农村金融机构的综合运营能力日益受到社会各界的关注。农村信用社作为我 国农村金融体系的重要组成部分之一，有着其特殊的社会经济背景与信贷特点， 具体表现为信贷资金需求者单位贷款规模小、还款能力受自然环境影响大。同时， 农村信用社的历史包袱沉重、产权制度不完善、资产质量差、盈利能力弱、不良 资产率高、信贷管理机制不健全等问题还很明显。民族地区农村除上述问题外， 还存在经济发展方式单一、发展不平衡等制约农村信用社发展的问题。少数民族 地区农村信用社的资产质量不佳，经营风险突出，不仅成为制约当地农村经济健 康运行，影响农村金融发展的障碍，也成为阻碍少数民族地区社会和谐发展的重 要因素。因此，找出影响民族地区农信社资产质量和盈利能力的因素，对提升民 族地区农信社综合运营能力、促进民族地区经济发展、维持民族地区社会和谐具 有重要意义。本文以湖北少数民族地区——恩施土家族苗族自治州农村信用社作为研究对 象，通过因子分析法提出了与恩施州农信社盈利能力因子和资产质量水平因子具 有紧密关联性的指标，并对该指标进行了深入分析。根据 2006 年至 2011 年湖北 省农信社财务报告，基于上述指标与两个因子的关联性，以湖北省农信社均值水 平指标为基准，对比分析了恩施州农信社的盈利能力和资产质量水平，找出了限 制恩施州农信社提升盈利能力和资产质量水平的原因，继而有针对性地提出了改 善恩施州农信社运营能力的对策和可行性建议，对少数民族地区农信社运营能力 的提升以及农村金融市场的发展提供了指导性依据。关键字：农村信用社 恩施州地区 运营能力 盈利能力AbstractStudy about rural financial has been a continuous hot task for a long time. With the outbreak of the financial crisis, governments strengthened the importance of sound and sustainable development of the financial institutions when they were dealing with the crisis. Rural financial is the most important part of rural economic and is the weakest sector of the financial system in China, so Comprehensive operational capacity of rural financial institutions has been increasingly concerned by communities. As one of the most important part of Chinas rural financial system, rural credit cooperative has special economic background and credit characteristics, which performed as small size of unit loan and natural-risk repayment abilities. At the same time, heavy history burden, fault property rights system, bad asset quality, weak profitability, high non-performing assets ratio as well as defective Management mechanism are significant problems of rural credit cooperatives. In minority rural areas, single mode of economic development and unbalanced development are also factors which restrict the developme