分配正义理论研究——以罗尔斯 诺齐克 丹尼尔斯为代表-research on distributive justice theory - represented by rawls nozick daniels.docx

AbstractFor thousands of years, many philosophers and ethicists on the issue of distributive justice had wide and deep thoughts, and social development was proposed based on a variety of relevant theories, which gave us many valuable theoretical resources. Philosophers from the angle of theoretical thinking analyze and propose the basic principles of distributive justice. However, like other theoretical issues, the debate on this issue is complicated.Rawls’s theory of distributive justice was starting from the two principles of justice to establish the social distribution system. He stressed the fair opportunities, so members of society should protect the fundamental freedoms and rights. The inequality only allowed in the case that government try to help vulnerable groups. Rawlss concept is to protect the political equality, and economic inequality may happen when the government want to help vulnerable groups by redistribution to improve their situation. Rawls believe that this meet interests of society and benefit for social stability and harmony.Nozicks theory of dis tribution justice was starting from the individual rights to establish the qualifications theory, using holding take the place of distribution. By means of the right, he demonstrated justice of the distribution is derived from the right to protect personal property. He maintained economic freedom and property rights of person. Nozick used moral marginal constraint to restrict the government and individuals ’ rights. He considered that any individual or government can not infringe the legitimate rights and interests.From the U.S. medical facts, Daniels applied Rawlss theory of justice and he demonstrated distribution of medical resources issues. He stressed that society should guarantee equality of opportunity, so at the same point, the society should guarantee personal health care right in the health care system. But this right is limited and is theminimum health care. Beyond this limit, people shou