ICU嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌致下呼吸道感染危险因素及耐药性分析.doc

ICU嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌致下呼吸道感染危险因素及耐药性分析 　　【摘要】 目的 了解ICU嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(Xan)致下呼吸道感染的危险因素有其耐药特征,为临床治疗提供实验依据。方法 常规的方法对2004年1月至2007年12月 ICU患者的下呼吸道标本进行培养分离，VITEK#8226;TWO全自动微生物鉴定仪进行鉴定，K-B法进行药敏试验，用WHONET5．0进行数据统计。结果 Xan对12种抗菌素的敏感率分别为氨曲南13．6%、阿米卡星21．3%、哌拉西林/三唑巴坦31．8%、替卡西林/棒酸36．4%、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦40．9%、环丙沙星47．0(31)%、头孢匹肟51．5%、氯霉素57．6%、头孢他啶60．6%、左氧氟沙星74．2%、复方新诺明75．8%及米诺环素100．0%；在感染者中所有的患者均有基础疾病且曾使用过广谱抗菌素，90．9%(60/66)接受侵入性检查或治疗。结论 Xan对多种抗菌素耐药，其感染与患者的基础疾病、是否接受广谱抗菌素治疗及侵入性检查等有关。? 　　【关键词】嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌；下呼吸道感染；危险因素；耐药性 　　 　　To analysis the risk factors and drugs resistance of xanthomonas maltophiliafromlower respiratory infection in intensive care units 　　 　　LI Hong-yu，WU Yan-feng，JIAN Cong-hai,et al.Department of Laboratory Medical,The Second Affiliated Hospital,SUN YAT-SEN University,GuangdongZhuangzhou510120,China 　　? 　　【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the risk factors and drugs resistance of xanthomonas maltophilia(Xan)from lower respiratoryin ICU.Methods The strains were isolated and cultured by routine methods,Identification of the bacteria wereperformedonVITEK#8226;TWO all-automatic microbiology analysis system,antimicrobial susceptibility test(AST)were performed by K-B.The data statistics by WHONET 5．0.Results The rates of susceptibility to 12 antibiotics were Aztreonam 13．6%,Amikacin 21．3%,Piperacillin/Tazobactam 31．8%,Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid 36．4%,Cefoperazone/Sulbactam 40．9%,Ciprofloxacin 47．0%,Cefepime 51．5%,Chloramphenicol 57．6%,Ceftazidime 60．6%,Levofloxacin 74．2%,Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprin 75．8%and Minocycline 100．0%,respectively;All patients had primary diseases andtreated with broad-spectrum antibiotics,90．9%of patients were examinated and treatedwith intrusive methods.Conclusion Xanthomonas maltophilia resistantto many antibiotics,the infection caused by xanthomonas maltophilia related to the primary diseases,treatment with antibiotics and the various intrusive examinations.? 　　【Key words】Xanthomonas maltophilia;Lower respiratory infect;Risk factors;Resistance 　　 　　嗜麦芽窄食单胞