Pharmacology Review I药理学复习我.ppt

Pharmacology Review I Chapters 1 - 28 All Materials in this presentation come from: Karch, A. (2008). Focus on: nursing pharmacology. New York, NY: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Case Study # 1 Antibiotics Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic…aminoglycosides and Lasix can cause severe ototoxicity Case Study # 2 Antibiotics Senator X receives a letter with a suspicious powder substance. What cephalosporin will he take for anthrax expsoure? CeClor (cefaclor) 250 mg PO q8h The Nurse warns Senator X not to go to Happy Hour, why? Cephalosporins Senator X should not consume alcohol while taking cephalosporins because of a possible disulfiram-like reaction-- Flushing, nuasea, vomiting, chest pain, palpitations, dyspnea, blurred vision, even consulsions! Case Study # 3 Antibiotics Susan is ready to head to Florida for her Spring Break, too bad she has a UTI and is taking Cipro….. Why? Photosensitvity! Cipro can cause a severe skin reaction when pt is exposed to sunlight or tanning beds. Susan’s grandmother in the nursing home doesn’t see much sunlight, she just needs to avoid using NSAIDs when taking Cipro ! Case Study # 4 Antibiotics Uncle Larry seems confused lately…It’s a good thing the doctor prescribed Zithromax for his upper respiratory infection….. Why? Zithromax (Azithromycin) Half-life is 68 hours so patients only need to take it once a day….usefull for patients who have trouble remembering to take their pills. Case Study # 5 Antibiotics LaTasha calls the nurse: “my baby is allergic to the amoxicillin” The nurse will ask, “what are her symptoms?” LaTasha says bad diarrhea…how will you council her? LaTasha and her baby Sometimes patients may confuse side effects with allergic reactions. Typical allergic reactions include: Hives, rash Difficulty breathing, respiratory arrest Increased BP, dilated pupils, Increased heart rate, diaphoresis Amoxicillin and other penicillins Common adverse effects include nausea, diarrhea and a furry tongue. “A furry to