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APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 94, 013303 2009 Towards efficient tin-doped indium oxide „ITO…-free inverted organic solar cells using metal cathodes J. Meiss,a M. K. Riede, and K. Leo Institut für Angewandte Photophysik, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany Received 24 October 2008; accepted 9 December 2008; published online 7 January 2009 We present zinc phthalocyanine ZnPc :C60 bulk-heterojunction top-illuminated organic solar cells using ultrathin metal layers as transparent top contacts. We show that solar cell performance sensitively depends on the interface and morphology of the cathode, which can be influenced by varying the composition and layer structure of the metal contact. We investigate various metal combinations, such as 3 nm Al/8 nm Ag and 7 nm Al/14 nm Ag, to illustrate the necessity to find a suitable combination of morphology and electrical and optical properties. Solar cells using standard materials and a 1 nm Al/14 nm Ag cathode exhibit promising efficiencies of over 2.2%. © 2009 American Institute of Physics. DOI: 10.1063/1.3059552 As a potential alternative to expensive silicon solar cells, 9–21 nm total thickness are used as transparent top contact. organic solar cells OSCs got into the focus of research A 60 nm capping layer of tris8-hydroxy-quinolinato- interest in the last years.1,2 OSCs are currently particularly aluminum Alq3 is used for increased light outcoupling out 8 interesting for niche markets where cost-efficient, light- of the solar cell. All organic materials have been purified at weight, and flexible solutions are advantageo